高考英語寫作詞匯升級

　　在日常的學習、工作、生活中，大家都嘗試過寫作文吧，作文是通過文字來表達一個主題意義的記敘方法。寫起作文來就毫無頭緒？下面是小編為大家整理的高考英語寫作詞匯升級，歡迎大家分享。

　　漢英語序的區(qū)別；

　　LiHua is a girl. ——LiHua is a smart girl.

　　I love you. —— I love you very much.

　　I am a student. —— I am a student of New Oriental School.

　　There are some children playing b-ball. —— There are some children playing b-ball on the playing ground. 從以上四對句子的對比中，看出漢語和英語語序的關(guān)系：

　　主干成分：漢英語序基本一致；修飾成分：漢語前修，英語短前長后；結(jié)論：我們在造句時，應(yīng)該

　　1、先抓主干造句，再添加修飾成分；

　　2、用“句型”造句；翻譯句子的難點：修飾成分的位置；句型或固定搭配；

　　6種主干句型；

　　主謂： I come. 主謂賓：I love you. 主謂賓賓 I give you my heart.

　　主謂賓補：You make me your friend. 主系表： You were my everything.

　　There be 句型：There is a girl dancing in my heart.

　　四種修飾成分；

　　四朵金花：修飾詞：adj. adv.；介詞短語：從介詞開始到名詞結(jié)束，表達一個獨立的、完整的含義的結(jié)構(gòu)； 從句：非謂語動詞：

　　【練習】請用括號畫出2010年高考英語試卷閱讀理解部分中的全部的修飾成分，然后看看將修飾成分后，剩下的主干語序和漢語是否“基本一致”；嘗試翻譯每個句子，體會“后修變前修”的語序規(guī)則！

　　句子拓展方法；利用句中名詞進行拓展；利用句中動詞進行拓展；

　　首先練習以下基本句子的翻譯：

　　你應(yīng)該理解你的母親。You should understand your mother.

　　我們應(yīng)該學好英語。We should learn English well.

　　我愛吃魚。I love eating fish.

　　今天是個好天氣。Today is a great day. / It is a great day today.

　　如何在這些基本句子基礎(chǔ)上進行語法拓展？

　　利用“帽子家族”（黃金圣衣句型）和“尾巴家族”（原因 結(jié)果 目的 程度）進行拓展；

　　詞匯升級；

　　40個常見升級詞匯：

　　1、like → love\ enjoy\ prefer...；be fond of + 物；be crazy about + 人/物；appreciate I appreciate your sense of humour.

　　2、want to do sth →傾向于做某事tend/intend to do sth ；渴望做某事 be longing for doing sth.

　　渴望做某事be thirsty for doing sth；期待做某事 ；look forward to doing sth；迫不及待做某事 cant wait to do sth渴望做某事 ；desire to do / have the desire to do sth /for sth

　　3、Should do → be supposed to do； ought to ； had better do ； Why not do sth？

　　4、think about sth/consider sth→ take into account +sth；take into consideration +sth

　　【例】take into consideration /account other peoples opinion. 考慮別人的意見

　　5、not → by no means eg:By no means shall we give up trying.我們決不能停止努力。【不完全倒裝】

　　eg:This is by no means a good way to solve the problem. 這絕不是解決問題的最好方法。

　　6、although → admitting that...

　　7、because + 句子→ considering that...考慮到 ,for...(一般用在句中，比because的表達方式更為簡潔)

　　8、because of +n → due to +n ；thanks to +n；owning to+n

　　9、so → ... ,therefore, ...； ... ,as a result, ..； ... ,accordingly, ... ；... ,consequently,...

　　10、1)more and more+n. → students in growing numbers

　　2)more and more +adj→ increasingly important

　　11、think → guess；harbor the idea that...；take the attitude that...；hold the view that...

　　It is widely shared that... ；It is universally acknowledged that...

　　12、believe →sb insist on sth 堅持（某種觀點）；sb insist that... 堅持做某事；be sure that

　　13、can do sth →will do sth； be able to do sth ；be capable to do sth

　　cant do sth →fail to do sth；are not able to do sth

　　15、not → by no means / at no time

　　eg:By no means shall we give up trying.我們決不能停止努力。【不完全倒裝】

　　eg:This is by no means a good way to solve the problem. 這絕不是解決問題的最好方法。

　　16、adj.=of+n. Important → of great importance ；Different → of great difference

　　Beautiful → of amazing beauty ； wise → of outstanding wisdom；useful → of great use

　　【例句】My mom is a woman of beauty.

　　我的母親是一位用美麗來詮釋的女人。

　　17、we →We high school students ；We teenagers； We Chinese ；We Chinese young generation

　　18、20 students ；as many as 20 students 【強調(diào)數(shù)量多】

　　19、用as比喻：

　　（使文章具有修辭意識）

　　Blue → as blue as the sea Red → as red as blood

　　【例句】 The sky was once as blue as the sea ,but now they are both dark and dirty .

　　20、Happy →joyful / delighted

　　21、use →make good use of

　　22、learn →pick up (偶然學到) master（掌握）

　　23、do → make good use of your time and effort to do；never fails to do

　　have every reason to do cant help doing 忍不住做某事

　　24、cry → burst into tears；with tears in her/his/my/our eyes

　　25、laugh → burst into laughter

　　26、really →undoubtedly / absolutely

　　27、very → extremely / surprisingly ；unusually

　　28、Enough → adequate

　　29、in fact → as a matter of the fact；actually

　　30、may be → probably；may as well 也可以

　　31、good →desirable / satisfactory；beneficial / useful；excellent / terrific ；wonderful /outstanding very good / great

　　32、bad → terrible；undesirable；unsatisfactory

　　33、many → a lot of；a number of+可數(shù)名詞；plenty of+可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞；a multitude of+可數(shù)名詞 many+可數(shù)名詞+,if not most,+...

　　34、all + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)（如students）→every single student 【強調(diào)“每一個”，注意名詞要用單數(shù)】 such as →including 【用來列舉圖畫中的細節(jié)】

　　36、will do →will be doing sth + 未來時間點 【將來時變成將來進行時】

　　38、have done → have been doing 【現(xiàn)在完成時變成現(xiàn)在完成進行時】

　　37、didnt do sth → should have done 【把真實語氣的否定變成虛擬語氣里的“肯定表否定”】

　　38、remember → keep in mind

　　【例】We should remember this lesson.=We teenagers are supposed to keep in mind this lesson.

　　六大黃金圣衣句型

　　【使用說明】任何句子上面都能套用的神奇句型！實在沒什么亮點的短句子上面可以套用！

　　清：It is clear that ...

　　明：It is obvious that ...

　　疑：There is no doubt that ...

　　否：No one can deny ...

　　不用：Needless to say, ...

　　走：It goes wit第一文庫網(wǎng)hout saying that ...

　　四大尾巴句型；

　　原因 because/,for/considering that...+句子 because of/ owing to/ thanks to/due to + 名詞 【注意搭配！】 結(jié)果 ....so.../ ...,as a result ,.../ ...,therefore ,... / ...,consequently ,... / ...,accordingly,...

　　目的 so that/in order that...+ 句子 so as to/in order to...+名詞

　　程度 so + adj + that such + n +that

　　【最常用的段落框架】

　　On the one hand,... . On the other hand,... .

　　For one thing, ... . For another, ... .

　　First and foremost, ... Additionally,.../In addition,... Last but (certainly) not least,.. .

　　To begin/start with,... Moreover,... Furthermore,... / Whats more,... Finally,...

　　【十五大類過渡詞】

　　溫馨提示：有必要一一研讀！對寫作、完型、翻譯都很有幫助！花30分鐘抄幾遍吧！

　　最佳學習方法：先把全部的學一遍，再挑出你自己寫作時可能用到的背過！

　　(1)表并列關(guān)系的過渡詞:

　　and, also, as well, as well as, or, too, not only ... but also, both ... and, either ... or, neither ... nor

　　(2)表遞進關(guān)系的過渡詞:

　　besides, in addition ( 加之, 除……之外) , moreover (此外, 而且), what’ s more ( 更重要的是) , what’ s worse(更糟糕的是)

　　(3)表轉(zhuǎn)折對比的過渡詞:

　　but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary(相反), although, despite, in spite of, whereas

　　(而) , unlike, nevertheless(然而) , not only ... but also, years ago ... today, the former... the latter, the first ... Whereas the second, once ... now, on the one hand ...on the other hand, some ... others

　　(4)表原因的過渡詞:because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to(由于)

　　(5)表結(jié)果的過渡詞:So, ...； Thus,...； therefore,...； as a result,...； so that,...； then,...；

　　hence ( 因此),...； so ...that...； such ... That ... ；

　　(6)表條件的過渡詞:If = on condition that(條件是)； as/so long as(只要)； unless；

　　(7)表時間的過渡詞when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards ( 事后) , soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, from now on, at present, immediately, the moment

　　(8)表特定的順序關(guān)系的過渡詞:first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward( s) (后來) , meanwhile (幾乎同時) , thereafter(在那以后) , last, finally, eventually(終于)

　　(9)表"換一種方式表達"的過渡詞:In other words,...； That is to say,...； To put it another way,...；

　　(10)表進行舉例說明的過渡詞:for instance, for example, like, such as，including,

　　(11)表陳述事實的過渡詞:in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

　　(12)表強調(diào)的過渡詞:certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most importantly, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously

　　(13)表比較的過渡詞:like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to

　　(14)表目的的過渡詞:for this reason, for this purpose(為此), so that, in order to, so as to

　　(15)表總結(jié)的過渡詞:in a word(總之, 簡言之), in general, in short (總之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary

　　【按照寫作文時的具體用法分類】

　　１、有關(guān)“啟” 的常用詞語

　　用于引導(dǎo)主題句，或用于主題句的后面，引導(dǎo)第一個擴展句。

　　first(ly)/ at first/ first of all 第一， 最初， 首先in the first place 首先， 第一

　　at present /now 現(xiàn)在in the beginning 起初to begin/start with 首先， 第一

　　for one thing 首先， (常與 for another 連用) （其次）

　　on the one hand 一方面 (常與 on the other hand連用) （另一方面）

　　currently 目前l(fā)ately/recently 最近in general/generally speaking 一般來說

　　2、有關(guān)“承” 的常用詞語

　　用于承接主題句， 或第一個 （或前一個） 擴展句。

　　second(ly) 第二； 第二點third (ly) 第三； 第三點also/too 并且； 又， 也besides (this) 此外

　　in addition 此外in addition to 除…之外furthermore/ moreover/ what is more 而且,此外

　　for another 其次for example /instance 例如as an example 例如namely 即, 就是then 然后

　　of course 當然in other words 換句話說in particular 特別,尤其in the same way 同樣地

　　after that 此后afterwards 此后after a few days 幾天以后after a while 過了一會兒

　　from now on 從此later 后來just as 正如similarly 同樣地meanwhile/ at the same time 同時

　　by this time 此時soon 不久consequently 結(jié)果

　　3、有關(guān) “轉(zhuǎn)” 的常用詞語

　　用來表示不同或相反的情況

　　after all 畢竟but 但是yet 仍,然而however 然而nevertheless 盡管,如此though / although 盡管如此 despite / in spite of 盡管on the contrary 相反地unlike… 與…不同on the other hand 另一方面

　　unfortunately 不幸地still 仍然in fact/ as a matter of fact 事實上

　　4、有關(guān) “合” 的常用詞語

　　用于小結(jié)段落中上文的內(nèi)容， 引導(dǎo)最后一個擴展句或引導(dǎo)結(jié)尾句表示段落的結(jié)束。

　　Finally/at last 最后,終于in brief /short 簡言之in conclusion 總之in summary 摘要地說therefore 因此 thus 因此to conclude/ summarize/ sum up 總而言之briefly 簡單地說above all 最重要地as a result 結(jié)果 as I have said 如我所述at length 最后， 終于eventually 最終indeed 的確surely 無疑no doubt 毫無疑問 truly 的確so 所以obviously 顯然certainly 無疑

　　拓展：高考英語寫作相關(guān)詞匯整理

　　話題一：中學生的愛好與興趣

　　Spare time(業(yè)余時間), favorite(最喜歡的), Interest(興趣), hobby(愛好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(也小說), play football/basketball(打足球/籃球), surf the internet(上網(wǎng)), chat online(在線聊天), play games(玩游戲), collect stamps(集郵), make e-friends(交網(wǎng)友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV(看電視), enjoy popular music(喜歡流行音樂),be interested in(對…感興趣), develop an interest in(在…方面發(fā)展興趣), be fond of(喜歡…),be keen on(喜歡…), have love for(喜愛…), have a taste in(對…有興趣) 等。

　　話題二：勞動與勞動觀念

　　Work(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生產(chǎn)), worker(工人), labor force(勞動力), labor(勞動), voluntary labor(義務(wù)勞動)，serve the people(為人民服務(wù))，heart and soul(全心全意)，physical labor(體力勞動), mental labor(腦力勞動), labor viewpoint(勞動觀念), labor Day(勞動節(jié)), workday(工作日), means of labor(勞動方式), honorable(光榮的), be devoted to(奉獻于..), value(價值), earn money(賺錢) , personal interests(個人利益)等。

　　話題三：創(chuàng)建和諧社會

　　harmonious(和諧的), friendly(友好的), civilized(文明的), honest(真誠的), credible (誠信的), be public-spirited(有公德心的), balanced(平衡的), be in order(有序的), peaceful(和平的), live in harmony(生活和諧), sustainable development(可持續(xù)發(fā)展)等，help each ether(互助), care for each other(互相關(guān)心), have deep love for (熱愛), be concerned with (關(guān)心), build(創(chuàng)建), cherish(珍惜), take an active part in(積極參與), pay attention to social moral(講究社會公德), protect the environment(保護環(huán)境), save energy(節(jié)省能源)等。No pains, no gains. 不勞無獲。…can be achieved by hard wok. …可以通過勞動獲得。It is difficult to find work in the present situation. 在當前形勢下，很難找到工作。It is honorable to … …是光榮的。If everyone … for others and the society, our world will be …如果每個人為他人和社會做…， 我們這個世界將會…。Every one should … and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strong country.每個人應(yīng)該 …，為把我們祖國建設(shè)成為一個強壯的國家而奉獻自己的力量。

　　話題四：招聘與求職

　　employ(雇傭), look for(尋找), take in(吸納), full-time(全職的), part-time(兼職的), well-paid(薪水高的), be paid by the hour(按小時發(fā)工資), requirement(要求), résumé(個人履歷),schooling(受教育情況), subjects(課程), working experience(工作經(jīng)歷), qualification(合格證明), transcript (成績單), health(健康狀況), present address(現(xiàn)在通訊地址)等，apply for(申請…), graduate from(畢業(yè)于), major in(以…為專業(yè)), degree(學位), scholarship(獎學金), good grades(良好的成績), hobby(愛好), favorite(最喜歡的), be skilled in(在…方面熟練), be good at(擅長…), experienced(有經(jīng)驗的), confident(自信的), English and computer ability(英語和計算機能力), healthy(健康的)等。

　　話題五：中學生的健康問題

　　Physical and mental condition(身體與精神狀態(tài)), strong(強壯的), un/healthy(不健康/健康的), overweight/fat(肥胖的), thin(瘦的), near/short-sighted(近視的), mentally unhealthy(精神不健全的), normal(正常的), abnormal(不正常的), energetic(精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit(不健康的飲食習慣), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)等，Stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康), build up one’s body/ improve one’s health(強身健體), enough sleep(充足的睡眠), take regular exercise(進行有規(guī)律的運動), roper diet(合理的飲食), good living habits(良好的生活習慣), lose weight(減肥), remove heavy burdens(減輕負擔), be good for/do good to(對…有益處), nutrition(營養(yǎng)), go on diet(節(jié)食), form a … eating habit(養(yǎng)成一個…的飲食習慣) Breathe in as much fresh air等。

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