The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practicaland moral support from the Government, it is not rich Government department. It is a charity which dependsfor its existence on voluntary support from members of the public.

　　The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles ofBritain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4, 500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust's "Country House Scheme". Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and open to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses. Lastyear about one and three quarters of a million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.

　　In addition to country houses and open spaces the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand five hundred cottages or smallvillage houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style. Over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbance of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.

　　So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big important organization and an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historical and cultural heritage.

　　練習(xí)題：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.The National Trust is ______.

　　A.a rich government department

　　B.a charity supported mainly by the public

　　C.a group of areas of great natural beauty

　　D.an organization supported by public taxes

　　2. The "Country House Scheme" was started _______________.

　　A. with the founding of the National Trust

　　B. as the first project of the National Trust

　　C. after Lord Lothian's donation

　　D. to protect Lord Lothian's house

　　3. Land protected by the National Trust ______________.

　　A. can be developed and modernized

　　B. includes naturally and historically valuable sites

　　C. consists of country houses and nature reserves

　　D. is primarily for tourists to Britain

　　4. The word "invade" in the last paragraph is used to emphasize that _____________.

　　A. the British do not like tourists

　　B. tourists to Britain are unfriendly

　　C. tourists come to Britain in large numbers

　　D. Britain is attacked by masses of tourists

　　5. The main purpose of this passage is to ______________.

　　A. inform the readers about the National Trust

　　B. promote the National Trust's membership

　　C. make people aware of the natural beauty of Britain

　　D. let the general public share the views of the National Trust

　　答案

　　1.[B] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第1段末句可找到答案。選項(xiàng)A顯然與原文意思相反，選項(xiàng)C和D則無原文依據(jù)。

　　2.[C] 推理判斷題。第2段第2句表明洛錫安勛爵捐贈了他的房產(chǎn)后，這個計(jì)劃才啟動起來，因此選項(xiàng)C正確，也由此可以否定選項(xiàng)A。根據(jù)第2段最后兩句可知這個計(jì)劃是為了保護(hù)具有歷史價值的房子,而不僅僅是為了保護(hù)洛錫安勛爵的房子，因此選項(xiàng)D不對。

　　3.[B] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段從preserving開始的部分指出了本題的答案。第3段倒數(shù)第2句所說的“no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted”可幫助排除選項(xiàng)A;選項(xiàng)C內(nèi)容不完整;選項(xiàng)D中的限制詞primarily使用不妥,無原文依據(jù)。

　　4.[C] 詞義推斷題。由invade 所在的句子“for the millions of tourists who each year invade.。”可知這是托管會保護(hù)自然美景和歷史勝地的原因所在。從而可以推斷出invade強(qiáng)調(diào)來英國游玩的游客之多，因此選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

　　5.[A] 主旨大意題�？v觀全文可發(fā)現(xiàn)the National Trust和the Trust在文章開頭以及文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn),文章是一篇說明文，主要目的是介紹the National Trust的機(jī)構(gòu)性質(zhì)及其功能，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。文章未討論托管會的成員問題，因此選項(xiàng)B不正確。最后兩段雖然提到英國的自然景色很美，但這并非文章的主題思想，因此選項(xiàng)C不對。本題最具干擾性的是選項(xiàng)D，但是本文并不是一篇議論文，其目的不是讓讀者認(rèn)同其中的觀點(diǎn)，文章更多的是用說明性的語言來說明托管會的一些做法。

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