論陀思妥耶夫斯基的宗教意識(shí) - 畢業(yè)論文

摘   要

陀思妥耶夫斯基是1位享有世界聲譽(yù)的偉大作家。在他的作品里，不僅有對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)黑暗腐朽社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的深刻揭示，對(duì)封建專制的猛烈批判，對(duì)下層人民的深刻同情，也有著對(duì)人的全部復(fù)雜性的剖析。他從未停止過(guò)對(duì)上帝存在與否及其正義性的追問(wèn)，但又以理想主義的姿態(tài)傳播上帝的福音，以個(gè)人名義扛起整個(gè)人類的痛苦，拯救世道人心。陀思妥耶夫斯基所創(chuàng)造的人物和事件，以及其中包含的哲理是多維的、超越時(shí)空的。正如世界有多復(fù)雜、人有多復(fù)雜，他的作品也就有多復(fù)雜1樣，他在作品中提出了許多永恒的、至今猶激動(dòng)人心的問(wèn)題。要想探索這些問(wèn)題的秘密，1把最好的鑰匙就是陀思妥耶夫斯基的宗教意識(shí)。這篇論文將從陀思妥耶夫斯基宗教意識(shí)的來(lái)源、特點(diǎn)、宗教的回歸以及宗教對(duì)其文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的影響4個(gè)方面來(lái)闡述，以此使讀者進(jìn)1步了解陀思妥耶夫斯基創(chuàng)作中的“俄羅斯靈魂”。

關(guān)鍵詞：陀思妥耶夫斯基；俄羅斯東正教；宗教意識(shí)

ABSTRACT

     Dostoyevsky is a great writer who wins worldwide reputation. In his works, there are not only profound revelation of the dark, rotten social reality at that time, the fierce criticism towards federal monarchy, deep sympathy towards low-class people, but also analysis about the complete complication of human beings. He never stopped questioning the existence of God and his justice, however, he had to spread God’s wishes as an idealist and shoulder the foe of the whole human beings in the name of himself to rescue world’s justice. The figures and events created by Dostoyevsky and the philosophy involved in them are multi-space, beyond time and space. His works are as complicated as the world is complicated, the human is complicated. In his works, he put forward with many eternity questions made people excited up till now. Wanting to figure out the answers to these questions, the best key is Dostoyevsky’s religious consciousness. This thesis will explicate from the original of Dostoyevsky’s religious consciousness, the characteristics, the recycle of religious to the influence of religion on his literature creativity four aspects. Via these, I hope readers would     further understand “Russian Soul” in the process of his creativity.

Key words: Dostoyevsky; Russian Orthodox Eastern Church; Religious consciousness

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