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考研英語真題閱讀企業(yè)并購
無論在學(xué)習(xí)或是工作中，我們經(jīng)常跟試題打交道，借助試題可以為主辦方提供考生某方面的知識(shí)或技能狀況的信息。你所見過的試題是什么樣的呢？以下是小編精心整理的考研英語真題閱讀企業(yè)并購，歡迎大家分享。
考研英語真題閱讀 1
The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Wont the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?"
Theres no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.
I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity grows, the worlds wealth increases.
Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergers of telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing—witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan—but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.
Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamergers in the banking industry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Wont multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict about infringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon itself the role of “defending competition" on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U.S. vs. Microsoft case?
33. What is the typical trend of businesses today?
[A]To take in more foreign funds
[B]To invest more abroad
[C]To combine and become bigger
[D]To trade with more countries
34. According to the author, one of the driving forces behind M&A wave is _________.
[A]the greater customer demands
[B]a surplus supply for the market
[C]a growing productivity
[D]the increase of the worlds wealth
35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _________.
[A]the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers
[B]WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs
[C]the costs of the globalization process are enormous
[D]the Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition
36. Toward the new business wave, the writers attitude can be said to be _________.
[A]optimistic
[B]objective
[C]pessimistic
[D]biased
名師解析
33. What is the typical trend of businesses today? 今天的商業(yè)典型的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)是什么？
[A]To take in more foreign funds 吸收更多外資
[B]To invest more abroad 進(jìn)行更多對(duì)外投資
[C]To combine and become bigger 合并做強(qiáng)
[D]To trade with more countries 與更多國家貿(mào)易
【答案】 C
【考點(diǎn)】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【分析】 文章第一段中說“世界正在經(jīng)歷一場(chǎng)前所未有的最大的的并購浪潮。這個(gè)浪潮從異�；钴S的美國開始，橫掃歐洲，并以不可比擬的威力影響到正在崛起的國家”，因此可以判斷正確答案是[C]。
34. According to the author, one of the driving forces behind M&A wave is _______.
根據(jù)本文作者，在合并浪潮背后的一個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)力是______。
[A]the greater customer demands 更大的消費(fèi)需求
[B]a surplus supply for the market 對(duì)市場(chǎng)的剩余供給
[C]a growing productivity 日益增長(zhǎng)的生產(chǎn)率
[D]the increase of the world’s wealth 世界財(cái)富的增長(zhǎng)
【答案】 A
【考點(diǎn)】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【分析】 根據(jù)“合并浪潮的推動(dòng)力”可以定位到第三段。在作者看來，“日趨下降的運(yùn)輸與通訊費(fèi)用，較低的貿(mào)易與投資壁壘，以及市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)大和為滿足市場(chǎng)需求而進(jìn)行的擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)，是推動(dòng)這股巨大的并購浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推動(dòng)全球化進(jìn)程的力量”。將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)對(duì)比這三個(gè)因素，只有[A]包括了根據(jù)顧客的需要擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng)這個(gè)因素。
35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _____.
從第四段中我們可以推斷出_____。
[A] the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers
日益增長(zhǎng)的集中肯定會(huì)損害消費(fèi)者的利益
[B] WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs
世通就是一個(gè)合并利與弊的好例子
[C] the costs of the globalization process are enormous
全球化進(jìn)程的成本很高
[D] the Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油托拉斯或許已經(jīng)威脅到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
【答案】 D
【考點(diǎn)】 推斷題。
【分析】 [A]“日益增長(zhǎng)的集中肯定會(huì)損害消費(fèi)者的利益”與原文第四段第一句不符合，因?yàn)樽髡哒f“這股合并浪潮是帶來益處還是弊端的實(shí)例還很少”，因此很難說肯定會(huì)帶來損害。[B]提到“世通”，說是一個(gè)帶來利益和降低成本的好例子。這句說是“價(jià)格沒有隨著合并而提高”，并沒有提到價(jià)格降低問題，因此，合并雖然沒有傷害消費(fèi)者，也沒有給他們帶來利益。[C]本段沒有涉及。[D]可以從文中“很難想像當(dāng)今的幾個(gè)石油公司的合并能夠再次造成像100年前美國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油托拉斯對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)形成的威脅”，這說明當(dāng)年這個(gè)石油公司肯定曾經(jīng)對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)造成巨大威脅。
36. Toward the new business wave, the writer’s attitude can be said to be _____.
作者看待新的商業(yè)浪潮的態(tài)度可以說是_______。
[A]optimistic 樂觀的 [B]objective 客觀的
[C]pessimistic 悲觀的 [D]biased 歧視的
【答案】 B
【考點(diǎn)】 作者態(tài)度題。
【分析】 本題考查考生是否了解作者的態(tài)度。文中作者提到了“合并”的益處，但是同時(shí)也在第四段中提到“我們必須警惕這樣的合并浪潮”。作者是從兩個(gè)方面來談?wù)撨@個(gè)問題的，因此我們可以判斷作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是客觀的。
難句解析：
1. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本題的主干是“This phenomenon has created serious concerns”，兩個(gè)“over”引導(dǎo)介賓短語，是并列的成分，做“concern”的定語。而“of smaller economic firms”與“of national businessmen”都是第一個(gè)“role”的定語。
2. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers’ demands.
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句主句是“I believe ”，“that”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句，在這個(gè)賓語從句中，后面的“that”前面省略了“forces”，這個(gè)“t
考研英語真題閱讀 2
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.
In a plan calledStation Renaissancethat it__3__in November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.
The company also plans to introduce __14__cardsknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today，integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A
11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A
總體分析
本文介紹了東日本鐵路公司引人關(guān)注的新計(jì)劃。文章第一段介紹說東日本鐵路公司創(chuàng)造性地利用車站內(nèi)部及周圍房地產(chǎn)的計(jì)劃正引起越來越多人的關(guān)注。第二段具體介紹了這一計(jì)劃的內(nèi)容及好處，即適應(yīng)信息時(shí)代的要求，把車站作為網(wǎng)上購物的物品收取地，這樣既為消費(fèi)者提供了方便，又提高了遞送物品的安全性。第三段介紹了該公司引入智能卡代替目前使用的各種磁卡作車票的計(jì)劃及其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
全文翻譯
通過國家鐵路系統(tǒng)的私有化創(chuàng)建起來的六大公司之一的東日本鐵路有限公司，正吸引著越來越多人的目光。在一個(gè)發(fā)展前景不振的行業(yè)，它創(chuàng)造性地利用車站內(nèi)部及周圍的房地產(chǎn)的計(jì)劃正引起人們的關(guān)注。
東日本鐵路在11月份公布的車站復(fù)興計(jì)劃中說：它將不僅把它的商業(yè)空地用于開商店和餐館，而且還要把這些商業(yè)空地用于更加適應(yīng)信息時(shí)代的功能上去。它打算把車站作為網(wǎng)上所購物品如書籍、花卉和日用百貨等的收取地。該公司估算，在一個(gè)都市人嚴(yán)重依賴列車作為上下班交通工具的國度里，每天大約有1600萬人因各種原因來到它的車站。因此，在車站收取物品使消費(fèi)者節(jié)省了路途而且也不像往家里遞送那樣容易丟失。東日本鐵路已經(jīng)開始把車站的便利店用于這一目的，但它打算為網(wǎng)上貨物的遞送創(chuàng)立專門的空間。
該公司還打算引入智能卡(在日本稱為IC卡，因?yàn)樗鼈兝眉呻娐穬?chǔ)存信息)取代目前使用的磁卡作為車票和定期券，把各種不同的票券合為一體。這將為公司節(jié)省資金，因?yàn)镮C卡的讀卡機(jī)比磁系統(tǒng)要便宜的多。IC卡使用的增加還將會(huì)減少售票所占用的空間
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