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攻擊高考英語聽力全攻略

時間:2023-04-28 01:49:50 高考熱訊 我要投稿
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攻擊高考英語聽力全攻略

高考聽力測試的內容基本不超出大綱附表中所列出的日常交際用語(daily expression in communication)項目,但絕不是原版照搬,不敢越雷池半步,那樣也就體現不出通過高考引導學生對創(chuàng)新精神和實踐能力的追求。從近年高考聽力試卷的內容也可以看出其追求材料真實性(authenticity)的趨勢,這從理論上是為了提高測試的質量,而且從近年聽力考試的實踐中也取得了成功。尤其是2002年夏季高考(北京卷),一方面將語速提高到了接近正常語速,另一方面材料也基本上從現實生活中取材而未經加工(uned),反映的基本上是英語的實際應用情況。但是,基于考試的局限性,涉及日常生活話題的對話一男一女兩人之間進行。材料突出交際化、口語化和真實性,按由短對話到長對話、再到短文,由易到難安排,試題主要涉及以下幾個方面:

攻擊高考英語聽力全攻略

1.人物關系(relationship between speakers)。 考查從情節(jié)判斷人物關系。注意:對話中不會出現相應字眼,一般涉及:doctor and patient; shop assistant and customer; driver and policeman; teacher and student; friends; neighbors; classmates; boss(manager) and employee(secretary)等等,這項考查也適合于人物職業(yè)。

例:Text:

M: Good morning, Mrs. Green, Come in, What can I do for you?

W: Well, I’m having difficulty sleeping. I often wake up at 3:00 in the morning and I just can’t get back to sleep.

Question: What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. neighbors

B. Boss and employee

C. Doctor and Patients.

相應交際項目為: 看。⊿eeing the doctor)。

2.地點(places)。從情節(jié)判斷說話地點,與對人物關系的考查相同,對話中不會出現相應地點,若有也為干擾項,常見的有:at the hospital(clinic), in the post office; at a hotel; at restaurant, in the library, at the airport, in the bank, at the railway station, at the bus stop, on the street。

例:Text:

M: Can I take your coat, Madam?

W: Thank you.

M: And would you like something to drink before you order your meal.

Question: Where does the conversation take place?

A.in a restaurant.

B.In a coffee shop.

C.In a clothing store.

相應交際項目為就餐(Taking meals)。

3.否定(Negation)。 聽到的內容有否定的意思。要弄清楚否定什么,肯定什么。

例:Text:

M: How are you getting to the airport?

W: Well I haven’t really got any choice – I have to take the bus. My car is at the garage getting repaired, and a taxi is just too expensive.

Question: What can we learn from the conversation?

A.The woman will go to the airport by taxi.

B.The woman is asking the man for help.

C.The woman’s car has broken down.

相應交際項目為問路和應答(asking the way and responses)。

4.根據上下文作出推斷(contextual reference)或作出結論(conclusion)。 做這種題目不為強調對關鍵字的理解,而更注意對句子及對話的整體理解,還要考慮說話人的實際意圖及態(tài)度、觀點、看法、建議、行動、計劃等。

例、Text:

M: Hi, Sue. It’s Mario.

W: hi, How are you?

M: Fine. Look, I was wondering if you are free on saturday evening. I’ve got some tickets for a concert, would you like to come?

W: Oh, well … I’d like to, but … um ….. I’m studying for my exams at the moment, and well … I’m sorry … I can’t.

M: OK. --- not to worry. Some other time then, I suppose.

W: Oh, yeah …right … Sure.

Question①: Why does the man call the woman?

A.He wants to ask her to go out with him.

B.He wants to remind her of the concert.

C.He wants to help her with her study.

Question②: What can we learn about the woman?

A.She doesn’t really want to go.

B.She works hard at school.

C.She doesn’t like music.

本題涉及的主要相應交際項目為:邀請和應答(Invitations and responses)

5.分辨數字(numeric discrimination)及計算(computation)。涉及數字主要包括:日期、時間、年代、年齡、價格、數量、距離、房間號、電話號碼等,數字種類有記述詞、序數詞、百分數、分數等。做題時常常需分辨出幾個數字,排除干擾項,有時還要用到簡單的加減乘除運算,同時還要注意一些常見數量表達法如:quarter,double,dozen,twice,times,two-thirds,a pair, dollars, pound, penny, cent等。

例:Text:

W: Good morning. Crawley Chemicals. How can I help you?

M: Good morning. I’d like to speak to Mr. Brown, please.

W: I’m sorry, he is not in at the moment. Can I take a message?

M: OK. My name is Dick Morton. That’s M-O-R-T-N. I’m phoning from Everbright Travel about Mr. Brown’s trip to Australia, He’s booked on flight number BA1279 to Sydney on Monday. That’s April 17th. The flight leaves from Gate 4, Oh, no sorry, it leaves from Gate 1 at half past ten.

W: uh.

M: That’s 10:30, but he must be there at least two hours before to check in.

W: And how will he get his tickets?

M: Oh, we’ll send them around this afternoon. But if there’s and problem, he can call me at 33486220.

W: OK, I’ll make sure he gets your message.

M: Thank you, good-bye.

W: Good-bye

Question① Why is the man making the telephone call?

A、He is inviting Mr.Brown to go to Australia.

B.He is giving information at Mr. Brown’s flight.

C.He is fixing a time to meet Mr. Brown at the airport.

Question② When does Mr. Brown have to be at the airport?

A. By 8:30    B. By 9:30    C. By 10:30

Question③ What number can Mr. Brown call if there is a problem?

A. 33466820  B. 33688202  C. 33486220

本題涉及的交際項目主要為打電話(making phone calls)和傳遞信息(passing on a message).

從上面的題例和分析可以看出,上述考查內容和交際項目并非單個出現,而是復合出現在每個題目中,只不過有主有次罷了,這一點還是應該注意的。

五、聽力全攻略

根據以上分析,我們總結出高考聽力全攻略,具體如下:

攻略一、熟悉高考聽力的5個方面和大綱規(guī)定的41個交際項目是做好聽力測試的前提。所謂萬變不離其宗,多研究“變”,方得其“宗”。5個方面和41個項目卻可使考題變化萬端,“摸爬滾打”于萬變之中,然后才能置身于萬變之外而靜觀其宗,上面分析僅僅走馬觀花而已,旨在拋磚引玉,引導大家采百花而得其蜜糖。

攻略二、多聽多練、積累背景知識是提高聽力的根本。聽不僅僅是聽而又植根于聽!安粌H僅是聽”是我們不僅必須把握攻略的內容,還要全方位擴大英語知識!爸哺诼牎痹谟趶娬{聽是根本,聽力雖難,“Thank you”卻都能聽出且能迅速正確作答 “you’re welcome…”,原因在于一是熟悉此類知識,而則聽得太多。試想一下,在沒有接觸英文之前,它并不比其它的更容易。由此看來,即使一些難點如[v] [ e] [θ ] [m] [n] [N ]音素和連讀、弱讀也并不可怕。所謂聽力好壞,不過是方法有優(yōu)劣而已,要么學英語從不朗讀,要么 “三天打漁、兩天曬網”…總之都犯了學英語的大忌。每天堅持聽,哪怕很短的時間,聽不出就把文字材料讀若干遍直至背誦,一則練了聽力,二則擴大了知識面,雖沒有閱讀信息量大,也可逐步積累嘛。

攻略三、良好的心理狀態(tài)是做好高考聽力的必要條件?紙銮闆r,瞬息有變,若能排除錄音不清、環(huán)境陌生等諸多不利因素,泰然處之、從容應對,則為超水平發(fā)揮加了一層籌碼,不然,一遇情況有變就茫然不知所措,無疑為“前功盡棄”增添了機會。

攻略四、當然要事先讀題啦。但要注意:第一節(jié)和第二節(jié)是不一樣的。第一節(jié)每段對話僅一個題目,便于集中精力到“要害”, 而第二節(jié)每段對話或獨白有二到四個題目,應一塊讀一預測大致內容,更何況第一題的關鍵點沒準在對話或獨白的結尾呢!至于時間嘛,高考為你準備的綽綽有余,看一看“考生必讀”不就全明白了嗎?更何況讀題前還有試音及一大堆的大家早就爛熟于心的各種要求與提示呢!

攻略五、集中精力是聽力制勝之“葵花寶典”。要點在于眼觀一個問題、三個選項。聽的過程中大忌停留目光于一個選項或小題而猶豫不決。且同時做到眼、耳、腦、手并用,迅速作答。切勿“移情別戀”,應知此時雖有“語音繞梁”,不過模糊余響而已,遠不如當初印象清晰。

另外,高考聽力雖非“等閑之輩”,題目卻無外乎兩類。一類曰聽細節(jié);一類曰根據內容概括推斷。而前者為絕大多數,后者為少數較難題目,兩三個而已。由此看來,只要思想上不背包袱,既不太緊張、又不太放松,從容應對,采取科學的方略“嚴防死守”,對待聽力這一仗就像對待“甲流”一樣,我們還是勝券在握的。

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