初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習

英語中的語氣分為陳述語氣、祈使語氣、虛擬語氣三類，

初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習

虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。

如果假設的情況可能發(fā)生，是真實條件句，這種情況下謂語用陳述語氣。如： If time permits, we'll go fishing together.如果時間允許，我們就一起去釣魚。

如果假設的情況是不存在的或不大可能發(fā)生的，則是虛擬條件句。如： If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天來，你就會見到那位著名的教授了。（隱含的事實是：你昨天沒來，也沒見到那位著名教授）。

虛擬語氣的基本形式和用法在含有虛擬條件句的復合句中，主從句的謂語都要用虛擬語氣。

含有條件狀語從句的復合句

wish（wouldrather）+賓語從句

suggest（…）+賓語從句

2.主語從句Itis+adj./p.p/n.+that+S+(should)+do

表語從句S+isthat+s+(should)+do

同位語從句S+that+s+(should)+do

3.定語從句Itis(high)timethat+S+did

用過去式表現(xiàn)在情況

1.時態(tài)后退型用過去完成式表過去

兩種形式用過去將來表將來

2.should+動詞原形型

內容詳述

I.含有條件狀語從句的復合句(以do為例;S=主語)

時間條件狀語從句主句

與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設If+S+did…S+would/should/could/might+do…

與過去事實相反的假設If+S+haddone…S+would/should/could/might+havedone…

與將來事實相反的假設did…

If+Sshoulddo

weretodo

S+would/should/could/might+do…

注意事項：

1．倒裝句。如果條件句中含有功能詞had，should，were時，可以省去If，把功能詞提前，構成倒裝句。

2．錯綜條件句初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習。若條件句和主句動作不存在同一個時間，則謂語形式應根據(jù)具體情況而定。

3．Ifthereweren't/hadnotbeen+…=without…

4．Ifitwerenotfor…/Ifithadn'tbeenfor…=butfor…

5．otherwise+虛擬語氣的句子

6．虛擬語氣的句子，but+陳述事實的句子

II.虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中

sb.did…(希望現(xiàn)在用過去式)

1.wish+thatsb.haddone…（希望過去用過去完成式）

sb.would/shoulddo（希望將來用過去將來）

2.wouldrather后的從句要用虛擬語氣。

時間從句

虛擬現(xiàn)在were,did(動詞一般過去式)

虛擬過去haddone

虛擬將來did(動詞一般過去式)

例：IwouldratherIhadn’tsaidsuchunkindthingstoyou.（虛擬過去）

I'dratheryoucameherefortheanswertomorrowmorning.（虛擬將來）

I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.(虛擬現(xiàn)在)

3.suggest+（that）S+should+do…

表示愿望、建議、請求等主觀意向的動詞之后的賓語從句，謂語用should＋動詞原形，should常常省略。

這類詞有：decide，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，suggest，recommend，requested，require等。

注意：

1.suggest當“建議”講時，其賓語從句用虛擬語氣；當“暗示、表明”時，用陳述語氣

2.insist當堅持“看法或建議”時，賓語從句用虛擬語氣；當堅持“某個事實”時，用陳述語氣。

判斷改錯：（錯）Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyou（should）beill.

（對）Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.

（錯）Iinsistedthatyou（should）bewrong.

（對）Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.

III.虛擬語氣用在主語從句中

Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that…等結構的主語從句，謂語動詞用should加動詞原形，should可省略。

Itis可用的詞有三類that（should）do

suggested,ordered,required,proposed,demanded,requested,insisted等

important,necessary,natural,imperative,strange等

apity,ashame,nowonder等

IV．虛擬語氣用在同位語從句中。

某些表示建議、請求、命令等主觀意向的名詞后同位語從句需用虛擬語氣，其表達形式為(should)＋動詞原形初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習文章初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習出自http://www.ishadingyu.com/article/wk-78500001021729.html， 此鏈接！。

這類名詞常見的有：advice，suggestion，proposal（提議），order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation（推薦），plan，resolution（決議），idea等。

eg.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion(should)beputoff．

V．虛擬語氣用在表語從句中。

某些表示建議、請求、命令等主觀意向的名詞作主語時，表語從句需用虛擬語氣，其表達形式為(should)＋動詞原形。

這類名詞常見的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。

eg.Mysuggestionisthatthemayor(should)presenttheprizes.

VI．虛擬語氣用在定語從句中

Itis（about／high）time＋thatsb.didsth/shoulddosth..

eg.Don'tyouthinkit'sabouttimewewenthome？

注：在thisisthefirsttime／secondtimethat．．．句型中，從句中謂語動詞用陳述語氣完成時態(tài)。

eg.IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedHongkong？

VII.虛擬語氣用在讓步、方式、目的狀語從句中

1．在帶有evenif/eventhough引導的讓步狀語從句的主從復合句中，主句和從句都用虛擬語氣，動詞形式與含有非真實條件句的虛擬語氣相同。如:Evenifhehadbeenill,hewouldhavegonetohisoffice.即使生了病，他倆去辦公室。

2．由asif或asthough引導的狀語從句表示比較或方式時。從句謂語形式為動詞的過去式(be用were)或“had十過去分詞”。如:HetreatedmeasifIwereastranger.他那樣對待我，好像我是陌生人似的。Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshehadreallyseenit.她談論那部影片，就好像她確實看過一樣。

3．虛擬語氣用在lest（唯恐、免得），forfearthat及incase引導的目的狀語從句中初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習素材庫。在由lest等引導的目的狀語從句中需用虛擬語氣，表示“以防，以免”等意思，其謂語動詞多由should＋動詞原形構成，should也可省略

eg.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain．

VIII．虛擬語氣用情感語言中

1．虛擬語氣在表示客氣、遺憾以及祝愿等場合中，使用虛擬語氣。

eg.Youshouldn'thavebeenfollowinghimsoclosely；youshouldhavekeptyourdistance．

2．Ifonlysb./sth.+時態(tài)后退型的謂語

IfonlyIhadknowntheresultoftheexamination.

IX.虛擬語氣的特殊用法：

省掉if的條件從句結構：

Had you asked me, I would have told you.

(=If you had asked me,…)

2.有時虛擬條件不用條件從句而用不定式、分詞、介詞、名詞、連接詞或定語從句來表示，如：

A true friend would not do such a thing.

(=If he were a true friend, he would...)

有時條件從句中的動作和結果從句中的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致，如：

If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.

If I were you, I would have gone home.

虛擬語氣練習題：

1.Ifyouwereoldenough,I________youtogothereyesterday.

A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed

2.Thesecretarysuggestedthatthey________themeninatonce.

A.hadbroughtB.shouldhavebroughtC.broughtD.bring

3.__________Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.

A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were

4.Itisstrangethatsuchathing_________inyourclass.

A.willhappenB.happensC.shouldhappenD.happened

5.HowIwishI________torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.

A.hadtriedB.hadn'ttriedC.havetriedD.didn'ttry

6.Ifhe_______totheteacherattentively,he_______theanswertotheproblemnow. A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknownB.listened,wouldknow

#from 初中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習來自大學網(wǎng)http://www.ishadingyu.com/ end#

C.listened,wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened,wouldknow

7.Iwasbusyyesterday,otherwiseI_______yourbirthdayparty.

A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended

8.IfonlyI_________howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.

A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew

9.Thetwostrangerstalksasifthey_______friendsforyears.

A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen

10.Itishightimewe_______upourresults.

A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsum

11ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn_______nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehadborrowed.

willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes

12.Butfortheguidanceofourinstructor(導師),we_______intheexperiment.

A.shouldn’tsucceedB.couldnothavesucceeded

C.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceeded

13.It’sabouttimepeople______noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.

A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake

14.Shecouldn'thaveansweredthequestionifshe________afewbooksonworld

history.

A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’treadD.didn’tread

15.Isn’titabouttimethatyou________topickupthevisitorsfromNewYork?

A.hadgoneB.shouldgoC.goD.willgo

16.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________nothingwrongand______freeimmediately.

A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset

17.Youradvicethat______tillnextweekisreasonable.

A.shewaitsB.shewaitC.waitsheD.shewaited

18.Itwasessentialthatwe_________lease（條約、合同）beforetheend

ofthemonth.

A.signB.signedC.hadsignedD.weresigning

19.IwishthatI______withyoulastnight.

A.wentB.havegoneC.couldgoD.couldhavegone

20.HespeaksChinesesofluentlyasifhe______aChinese.

A.wereB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen

21.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughheawayforages.

A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen

22.ItisimportantthattheTOEFL___________officeyourregistration.

A.willconfirmB.confirmC.confirmsD.mustconfirm

23.IfIhadseenthemovie,I___________youallaboutitnow.

A.wouldtellB.willtellC.havetoldD.wouldhavetold

24.IhadhopedthatJohn______ayearinAfrica,buthestayedthereonlyforthreemonths.

A.spendsB.spentC.wouldspendD.willspend

25.I’dratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

A.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’t

26.Everybodyhasarrived.It’stimewetheclass.

A.shallstartB.wouldstartC.hadstartedD.shouldstart

27.theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday

A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor

28.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，itlooksasifit________.

A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

29.Shecouldn’thaveansweredthequestionifshe______afewbookson

worldhistory.

A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’treadD.didn’tread

30.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.

A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling

31.______thefog,weshouldhavereachedourdestination.

A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butfor

32.Butfortheguidanceofourinstructor(導師),we___intheexperiment.

A.shouldn’tsucceedB.couldnothavesucceed

C.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceeded

33.TheLawrequiresthateveryone_______hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.

A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have

34.Irecommendedthatthestudent_______hiscompositionassoonaspossible.

A.finishingwritingB.shouldfinishthewritingC.finishwritingD.finishedwriting

35.Iwouldhavecalledyouupforhelphaditbeenpossible,butI_______yourphonenumberthen.

A.hadn’thadB.didn’thaveC.shouldn’thaveD.couldn’thave

36.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_________quitedifferenttoday.

A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe

37.IwishI___________youyesterday.

A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee

38.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_________allrightnow.

A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen

39._________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleave

40.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe__________there

A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.been

41.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater.Itlooksasifit___________.

A.breaksB.hadbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

42.Hetreatedmeasthough_________hisownson.

A.IamB.IwouldbeC.IwasD.Iwere

43.IfonlyI_________acarofmyown.

A.haveB.hadC.wouldloveD.shouldhave

44.LookatthetroubleI’min!IfonlyI_________youradvice.(2003上海)

A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.shouldfollow

45.Ifonlyhe_______quietlyasthedoctorinstructed.

A.yC.hadlainD.shouldlie

II.Translation

1.我不知道他的電話號碼，否則我就打電話給他了，

資料共享平臺

他本可以給你更多的幫助，即使他很忙。

3.---如果可能的話你會不會打電話給他？

---會的，不過我當時在忙著做家庭作業(yè)

4．如果你昨晚沒有看電影到那么晚的話，你現(xiàn)在就不會這么困了。

5.沒有電，今天人類的生活就完全不同了。

Keys

I.1-5CDDCB6-10ADDDB11-15CBBAA16-20BBADA

21-25DBACB26-30BBCAA31-35DBDCB36-40DCCCA41-45CDBCC

II.

1．Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwiseIwouldhavetelephonedhim.

2．Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.

3．----Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible?

----Yes,butIwerebusydoingmyhomework.

4．Ifyouhadn’tseenthatfilmlatelastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.

5．Withoutelectricity,humanlifewouldbequitedifferenttoday

本文作者：11#1- 803小路

免責聲明：本文僅代表作者個人觀點,與本網(wǎng)無關。

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