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感恩節(jié)的來(lái)歷英文版
感恩節(jié)是北美洲獨(dú)有的節(jié)日，始于1621年，
感恩節(jié)的來(lái)歷英文版
。1863年，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)林肯將它定為國(guó)家假日，并且規(guī)定每年11月的第四個(gè)星期四為美國(guó)的感恩節(jié)。感恩節(jié)有四天假期。借著長(zhǎng)假，很多人都會(huì)趕回家慶祝佳節(jié)，所以，美國(guó)感恩節(jié)的熱鬧程度絕不亞于中國(guó)的中秋節(jié)。2014年的感恩節(jié)是：2014年11月27日。以下是關(guān)于感恩節(jié)的英文介紹。
The Story of American Thanksgiving
(Contributed by Bing Wei, Granny Betty's Story Time )
每逢11月第四個(gè)星期四，美國(guó)人迎來(lái)了自己最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日感恩節(jié)。感恩節(jié)，原是清教徒為感謝上天賜與的好收成，同時(shí)，也表達(dá)了新英格蘭“移民”對(duì)印第安土著居民最初的謝意。如今，這一傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日更多意味著合家團(tuán)聚。下文以歷史為脈絡(luò)，探究了感恩節(jié)的淵源，并把目光鎖定在1621年翔實(shí)的感恩“盛宴”上。閱讀完文字，別忘點(diǎn)擊附帶的小測(cè)試。
Theorigin of the Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving Day is an American holiday and not celebrated in continental Europe. On the fourth Thursday of each November, familiesand friends gather together for the occasion to celebrate with a traditionalturkey dinner, usually in the mid-afternoon. Thanksgiving originated as acelebration of the year's harvest and is similar to the Mid-Autumn Festival inChina.
This American tradition started in 1621 before theUnited States of Americawas established. It was a huge celebration for a hard-earned harvest the firstyear after arriving in the New World.
OnSeptember 6, 1620, the Mayflower ship set sail from Plymouth, Devon, England,taking all the English Pilgrims(清教徒)tothe New World. The English Pilgrims numbered about a hundred people, and leftEnglandtoescape religious persecution. Their voyage to the New World was financed by Merchant Adventurers, an English investorgroup.
ThePilgrims sailed sixty-six days, arrived in the New Worldin November of the same year. They first settled in a cornfield abandoned byNative Indians and named it Plymouth Plantation.
Theyworked on the land with much difficulty and were beset by a devastating plaguein which half of the Pilgrim died in the long winter of 1620. In the spring of1621, an Indian brave named Squanto and her Wampanoag(瓦帕濃人，北美印第安人阿爾琴族一部落)tribecame to their help. The tribe taught the Pilgrims how to work the earth andplant corn, beans, pumpkins, squash and other crops.
The Thanksgiving feast in 1621
In late September 1621, the Pilgrimswere pleased with their great harvest. To celebrate their first harvest, thePilgrims wanted to thank God and the Native Indian. They invited Squanto andthe entire Wampanoag tribe that celebrate together in a shared feast.
It was said about ninety Wampanoag turned up, much to the surprise of thePilgrims, whose population had shrunk to no more than 50. The chief of the tribehad his men hunt five deer to bring to the feast. The first Thanksgiving dinnerhad an elaborate menu with venison, wild turkey, goose, duck, crane, swan, andother waterfowl; they also has local seafood: clams, lobsters, mussels, salmon,cod, bass, herring, shad, bluefish, lots of eel and oysters. They also cookedplenty of vegetables, among them squash, pumpkins and beans were the mostpopular.
They ate raspberries, strawberries, grapes, plums, cherries, blueberries,walnuts, chestnuts, acorns, hickory and ground nuts, wheat flour, Indian cornand corn meal and they made beer out of barley. The pumpkin pudding was laterdeveloped into the traditional pumpkin pie.
The first Thanksgiving dinner is said to have lasted from three days to oneweek with much food, beer and liquor. The Pilgrims and the Native Indian sattogether on the ground, shared food with fingers or used rough plates made ofwood or stale bread. They ran races, played old English games and stagedparades during the festive, with marches, drums and firing of their muskets.
"Thanksgiving" related tothe Bible
The phrase "thanksgiving" initially comes from the Bible. ThePilgrims of Plymouth, however, were mainly Puritans and strict CalvinistProtestants. They only observed three religious holidays from the NewTestament: Sunday Sabbath, Days of Fasting and humiliation and Thanksgiving.Thanksgiving marked favourable ("mercies") in community life.
Thefirst Thanksgiving festival was indeed a time of happiness, fellowship andrejoicing for the Pilgrims. They arranged a friendly treaty with the NativeAmerican Indians, built houses in the wilderness, and raised sufficient cropsto feed themselves for the upcoming long winter. The Pilgrims had become thefirst generation of settlers in this new land holding so much promise.
Fromthen on, Thanksgiving became a holiday for celebrating the harvest in the New World, dates varied from October to November eachyear over the next 150 years.
Thanksgiving, the Nationalholiday
The first National Thanksgiving was declared by the Continental Congress in1777. On October 3, 1789, President George Washington declared that the peopleof theUnited Statesshould observe "a day of public thanksgiving and prayer" on Thursday,26 November.
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