英語(yǔ)演講稿寫(xiě)作及格式范本
具體要求:
a. 簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明研究背景(background)
b. 簡(jiǎn)要介紹總的發(fā)現(xiàn)(general findings)
c. 介紹具體要點(diǎn)(introduction of points)
d. 與現(xiàn)有發(fā)現(xiàn)(若有)進(jìn)行比較(comparison in the context of other stu
dies)
e. 意義(suggested meaning)
f. 結(jié)論(conclusion)
g. 前瞻研究(future studies)
結(jié)論往往是論文中最長(zhǎng)也是最難寫(xiě)的部分,主要原因是作者要對(duì)研究結(jié)果和發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)
行分析、推斷、演繹和推理,要求作者具有很強(qiáng)邏輯思維能力和英語(yǔ)文字組織能力
。此外,這部分時(shí)態(tài)比較復(fù)雜,要分清實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程和結(jié)果(過(guò)去時(shí))與分析意見(jiàn)(確
定:現(xiàn)在時(shí)不確定或假設(shè):過(guò)去時(shí))的區(qū)別他人研究結(jié)果(過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成
時(shí))與本研究結(jié)果(過(guò)去時(shí))的區(qū)別普遍適用的結(jié)論(現(xiàn)在時(shí))與只適用本研究
的'結(jié)論(過(guò)去時(shí))的其別等。因此,對(duì)于however, may, might, could, would,
possibly, probably, be likely to 等詞(組)的使用以及we believe (think
/ consider) that, to our knowledge, in our experience (practice) 等插入
語(yǔ)的使用就顯得格外重要。
示例:
parenteral nutrition is being used with increasing frequency as a prima
ry source of caloric support in adult and pediatric patients with gastr
ointestinal problems. numerous complications have been associated with
the administration of tpn, including a significantly increased incidenc
e of gallbladder disease [3-5,7]. the data here suggest that cholecyste
ctomy is often required for the management of symptomatic gallbladder d
isease in this group of patients, and is associated with significant ri
sks.[說(shuō)明研究背景,包括意義]
of the 35 patients who required cholecystectomy for tpn-induced gallbla
dder disease, operative morbidity and mortality were 54 percent and 11
percent, respectively. maingot [8] has stated that cholecystectomy “is
one of the simplest and safest of the abdominal operations, and is ass
ociated with a low operative mortality rate (about 0.5 percent). a revi
ew of the pediatric literature suggests that when cholecystectomy is pe
rformed in children, the operative morbidity is less than 10 percent, a
nd the mortality is less than 1 percent. [8,9] glenn [11] has reported
a mortality rate of less than 0.1 percent in over 5,000 patients under
the age of 50 years who underwent cholecystectomy. the morbidity and mo
rtality observed in our group of receiving long-term tpn, therefore, we
re far in excess of what would be expected for a population of patients
whose mean age was 29 years. [提出本研究主要發(fā)現(xiàn)并將其與其他研究發(fā)現(xiàn)相
比較]
our data suggest that are specific factors unique to patients who requi
re long-term tpn that contribute to the increased mortality and morbidi
ty associated with cholecystectomy in this select group.[以下,作者用較
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