考研試題專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練－－主題句

       1. The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise, marketoriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produce. ____________________.

[A] Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumer, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

[B] In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller producers.

The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise, marketoriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most . Private businessmen, striving to make profits , produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produce. ____________________.

前后照應(yīng)

[A] Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumer , coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes , that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

[B] In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller producers.

【答案】[A]。空格前具體介紹了影響美國經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的幾點(diǎn)因素。分析[A]、[B]兩選項(xiàng)，[A]恰好從這幾方面對以上內(nèi)容加以總結(jié)，故為答案；[B]中主要是說供與求決定價(jià)格，它并不是影響美國經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的因素，放在此處顯然與上文沒有必然的聯(lián)系。

        2. ___________________. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons.

[A] Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

[B] While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages

for sellers too.

___________________. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. ... And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons .

總述

[A] Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

[B] While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too.

【答案】[B]。空格后面的所有內(nèi)容都是關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)給“businessmen”帶來方便的描述，所以空格處也應(yīng)與此有關(guān)。[B]中提到了計(jì)算機(jī)給“consumers”和“seller”雙方面帶來的方便，但顯然此句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是后者，而這正是對下文的總結(jié)，故為答案；[A]只是概括性的描述計(jì)算機(jī)給“consumers”帶來的各方面的利益，與“businessmen”無關(guān)。

        3. ____________________. The researchers made great progress in the early 1970s,when they discovered that oncogenes, which are cancer causing genes (基因), are inactive in normal cells. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown. If several oncogenes are driven into action, the cell, unable to turn them off, becomes cancerous.

[A] The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers.

[B] With as many as 120 varieties in existence, discovering how cancer works is not easy.

____________________. The researchers made great progress in the early 1970s, when they discovered that oncogenes , which are cancer causing genes ( 基因 ), are inactive in normal cells. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown. If several oncogenes are driven into action, the cell, unable to turn them off, becomes cancerous .

同義表達(dá)

[A] The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers.

[B] With as many as 120 varieties in existence, discovering how cancer works is not easy.

【答案】[B]�？崭窈笳f“致癌基因在正常細(xì)胞中并不活躍，如果幾個(gè)被激活，而細(xì)胞不能將它們排除，它們才會變成癌變細(xì)胞”，可見所述內(nèi)容是關(guān)于癌癥的產(chǎn)生，所以空格處的語言也應(yīng)與此有關(guān)。[B]中的“how cancer works”恰好是后面所有內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，符合題意。[A]主要是強(qiáng)調(diào)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中的內(nèi)容，即“我們無法阻止所有癌癥的產(chǎn)生”，但并沒有提到癌癥是怎樣產(chǎn)生的，所以相對而言，[B]更合適。

        4. ____________________. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are bound to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends.

[A] The creative approach begins with the proposition that nothing is as it appears.

[B] Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer.

____________________. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything . ... The innovator will search for alternate courses , which may prove easier in the long run and are bound to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends.

總述

[A] The creative approach begins with the proposition that nothing is as it appears.

[B] Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer.

【答案】[A]。[A]中主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于“creative approach”的，空格后說有創(chuàng)造力的人的主要特點(diǎn)就是他們不隨波逐流，而總是找尋新的做事方法，正好與[A]中的“nothing is as it appears”的方法相穩(wěn)合。而[B]的意思是“有創(chuàng)造性的人伴隨著不同的鼓點(diǎn)的節(jié)奏前進(jìn)”，它顯然是一個(gè)高度概括的句子，但放在此處不夠明確，前后銜接也不恰當(dāng)。

        5. ____________________. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at c