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英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

時(shí)間:2024-05-31 17:27:49 英語語法 我要投稿

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)實(shí)用【15篇】

  在日復(fù)一日的學(xué)習(xí)中,大家都背過不少知識(shí)點(diǎn),肯定對知識(shí)點(diǎn)非常熟悉吧!知識(shí)點(diǎn)是知識(shí)中的最小單位,最具體的內(nèi)容,有時(shí)候也叫“考點(diǎn)”。想要一份整理好的知識(shí)點(diǎn)嗎?下面是小編幫大家整理的英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn),僅供參考,大家一起來看看吧。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)實(shí)用【15篇】

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1

  很多人都有看過美國電影,其實(shí)看電影學(xué)習(xí)英語也是不錯(cuò)的方式,可以保持對學(xué)習(xí)的新鮮感,搭配字幕觀看,還有助于記憶單詞,幫助糾正不良的口語習(xí)慣。

  聽英文歌也是很多人都喜歡做的事,它也可以幫助我們學(xué)習(xí)英語,可以學(xué)習(xí)歌詞中單詞的連接以及如何將語句寫的通順并且有美感,還可以鍛煉英文寫作能力。

  也可以看原聲新聞和聽廣播電,節(jié)目中主持人和播報(bào)原都經(jīng)過專業(yè)訓(xùn)練,英語讀音規(guī)范化,聽的.過程中可以學(xué)習(xí)語句的發(fā)音特點(diǎn)以及單詞的使用,對于英語口語訓(xùn)練有很大的幫助。

  英語的學(xué)習(xí)在日常生活中也會(huì)用到。最開始說英語可能會(huì)說的不好但是要有信心,你只有將其表達(dá)出來,才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足并去彌補(bǔ)。

  做任何事情都要堅(jiān)持,尤其是語言學(xué)習(xí),在語言學(xué)習(xí)中如果間斷,知識(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)遺漏。對單詞的記憶會(huì)模糊,句子表達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確,所以要每天給自己制定目標(biāo)堅(jiān)持下去。

  單詞是英語學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ),背誦單詞需要每天計(jì)劃好背誦量,將不熟悉的單詞記錄下來第二天再進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)。學(xué)習(xí)一段時(shí)間后可以給自己來個(gè)小測驗(yàn),溫故而知新。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)2

  (1)指示代詞分單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式,既可作限定詞又可做代詞,例如:

  單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

  限定詞:This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers.

  代詞:This is Mary. Those are my teachers.

  (2)指示代詞的句法功能;

  a.作主語

  This is the way to do it.

  這事兒就該這樣做。

  b.作賓語

  I like this better than that.

  我喜歡這個(gè)甚至那個(gè)。

  c.作主語補(bǔ)語

  My point is this.

  我的觀點(diǎn)就是如此。

  d.作介詞賓語

  I dont say no to that.

  我并未拒絕那個(gè)。

  There is no fear of that.

  那并不可怕。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)3

  英語語法知識(shí):It be time +(that)從句

  在英語里,“It be time +(that)從句”是一個(gè)較為常用的句型,它表示“該做……的時(shí)候了”的意思。該句型屬于主從復(fù)合句的一種;其主句部分為"It be time",從句部分的連詞that可以省略。以下從三個(gè)方面簡要談?wù)勥@一句型。

  一、time前面的修飾語

  句型“It be time +(that)從句”通常暗示“有點(diǎn)遲了”,為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這一含義,可以在time的前面加形容詞high.例如:

  It's high time we started.

  It is high time that more women ran the arts.

  為了使語氣得到進(jìn)一步的加強(qiáng),還可以在high的前面加certainly, more than等副詞或詞組:

  It is certainly high time that we ordered dinner.

  形容詞full也可以加在time的前面,用來加強(qiáng)語氣。例如:

  It's full time you had a nice day.

  It is full time that boy went to herding.

  time前面還可以加about,這時(shí)句型所表達(dá)的意思是“早該……”。例如:

  It's about time we started.

  It's about time I settled down.

  上面兩例中的about可以用getting來代替,句意不變;這可以視為句型“It be time +(that)從句”的一種變體。

  二、從句中的動(dòng)詞形式

  在“(that)從句”中,動(dòng)詞形式通常是一般過去時(shí)。這是一種奇特而有趣的語言現(xiàn)象,即用假設(shè)的過去時(shí)來代替實(shí)際的將來時(shí)。從英語史的角度來看,從句中的動(dòng)詞形式用過去時(shí)原是屬虛擬語氣;但從語言發(fā)展的觀點(diǎn)來看,目前這種動(dòng)詞形式視為陳述語氣比較合適。

  著名語言學(xué)家夸克(R. Quirk)教授等人在1985年出版的《英語語法大全》一書中認(rèn)為,“(that)從句”的動(dòng)詞形式一定要用“假設(shè)的過去時(shí)”。他們舉了一例:It's time I was in bed.其實(shí),動(dòng)詞形式除常用過去時(shí)外,也可以用其他時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(用何種形式應(yīng)視情況而定)。正如著名語言學(xué)家周海中教授在1988年發(fā)表的《探討“It be time (that)…”句型》一文中所言:在現(xiàn)代英語里,“(that)從句”中的動(dòng)詞形式一般用過去時(shí),這是基本規(guī)則;有時(shí)也可以用其他的動(dòng)詞形式,但應(yīng)視為特殊用法。他在其文中列舉了大量實(shí)例,用于論證和說明。

  1.用were型虛擬語氣。例如:

  It's high time I were hence. (W. Shakespeare)

  It's time I were gone. (A. Tennyson)

  由于英語的發(fā)展,虛擬語氣與陳述語氣之間的區(qū)別正在逐漸消失。基于這種情況,虛擬語氣的were也正在逐漸地代替陳述語氣的was.

  2.用be型虛擬語氣。例如:

  You reckon I be found anywhere with him, time he start belle ring. (W. Faulkner)

  It is time that more of the research dollars now devoted to cure be diverted to finding new and more humane ways of curing that will make a cancer patient's remaining years happier, more comfortable, and more productive. (Science, 1984, Vol. 5, No.7)

  動(dòng)詞形式用be型虛擬語氣是古英語的用法。目前,這一用法在英國英語中已“日薄西山”,而在美國英語中卻有“東山再起”之勢,但主要見于正式文體。

  3.借助情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should

  It's time this heart should be unmoved. (G. Byron)

  It may be time that I should meet with some misfortune; but I hope it is not this. (C. Dickens)

  上面用法主要見于文學(xué)作品,尤其是英國人寫的。

  4.用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如:

  It's time we were leaving. (H. Maclnnes)

  It's time we were getting home. (E. O'Neil)

  上面用法通常是一些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞。

  5.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:

  It is high time that the U. S. realizes it cannot continue to hide its head in the sand, for the sand has started to blow. (Newsweek, Oct. 15, 1979)

  “It is time that the burden of Reaganomics is shared by those in the upper-income groups,” 0'Neill declared. (Time, Jun. 20, 1983)

  上面用法主要見于美國英語,尤其在新聞文體里。這是一種值得關(guān)注的語言現(xiàn)象。

  6.用完成時(shí)。例如:

  It's time that reduction in force has finally hit the federal government also. (U. S. News and World Report, Mar. 15, 1982)

  Fooleries! Pshaw! It's time you'd done with fooleries. (G. Eliot)

  上面用法也是一種值得關(guān)注的語言現(xiàn)象。

  三、句型中的省略現(xiàn)象

  在口語中,可以把句型“It be time +(that)從句”中的."It be"省略。例如:

  High time we left. (J. Linsay)

  Time we were going. (M. Hammonds)

  在一定的上下語境中,也可以把句型中的“(that)從句”省略。例如:

  This program goes in that direction, and I believe it's time. (T. Wicker)

  在特定的語境里,甚至還可以把句型中的"It be"和“(that)從句”都省掉,意義仍然是顯豁的;不過,這時(shí)time前面要用high來修飾,其后面常跟副詞too,該詞只是用來加強(qiáng)語氣,并無具體意義。例如:

  He's gone back to work.—— High time, too! (Longman Dictionary of English Idioms)

  順帶一提,句型“It be the +序數(shù)詞+ time +(that)從句”與句型“It be time +(that)從句”在結(jié)構(gòu)上有點(diǎn)相似,但它們在句意上是完全不同的。前者也是主從復(fù)合句,當(dāng)其主句的be用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句的動(dòng)詞形式通常為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),it可以用this來代替;當(dāng)其主句的be用一般過去時(shí),從句的動(dòng)詞形式通常為過去完成時(shí),it可以用that 來代替。例如:

  It/This is the first time (that) I have seen him.

  It/That was the third time (that) I had been there.

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)4

  1. 〔誤〕 He became a writter at his twenties 〔正〕 He became a writter in his twenties

  〔析〕這句話應(yīng)譯為:他在20多歲時(shí)就成了作家。在某人的一段生活時(shí)間段中要用介詞in來表示,而在具體歲數(shù)時(shí)用at來表示。

  2. 誤〕 We went to swim in the river in a very hot day. 〔正〕 We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.

  〔析〕 具體某一天要用介詞on, 又如:on New Years Day

  3. 〔誤〕 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas. 〔正〕 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.

  〔析〕在節(jié)日的當(dāng)天用on,而全部節(jié)日期間用at,Christmas是圣誕節(jié)期間,一般要有兩周或更長的時(shí)間。

  4. 誤 I havent see you during the summer holidays. 正 I havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays. 〔析〕 during表示在某一段時(shí)間之內(nèi),所以一般不與完成時(shí)搭配,如:I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段時(shí)間,可以用于完成時(shí),如:I havent see you for a long time. 而through 用來表示時(shí)間時(shí)則為"整整,全部的時(shí)間"。如:It rained through the night.而since則是表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間,一般要與完成時(shí)連用。

  5. 〔誤〕 At entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔正〕 On entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔析〕 On 加動(dòng)名詞表示"一……就"。本句的譯文應(yīng)是:我一進(jìn)入教室就聽見這個(gè)好消息了。又如:on hearing… 一聽見, on arrival 一到達(dá)就……(on表示動(dòng)作的名詞)

  6. 〔誤〕 In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔正〕 At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔析〕 at the begining與at the end都是指某事物的開始與結(jié)束部分,均不指時(shí)間范圍,而in the beginning 則是指開始一段時(shí)間。in the end=at last是指"最終,終于"之意。

  7. 〔誤〕 Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔正〕 By the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔析〕 by 引起的'時(shí)間狀語表示了動(dòng)作的截止點(diǎn),其意思為"不遲于某一時(shí)刻將工作做完",所以主句一般是完成時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)然可以有將來時(shí)態(tài),如:Ill be there by five oclock.而till則表達(dá)其一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻,但句中的動(dòng)詞一定要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而瞬間的截止性動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用其否定句式,如:I wont finish this work till(until) next weekend.

  8. 〔誤〕 He came to London before last weekend. 〔正〕 He had come to London before last weekend.

  〔正〕 He came to London two weeks ago. 〔析〕 before 一般要與完成時(shí)連用,而ago則與一般過去時(shí)連用。

  9. 〔誤〕I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.正 I have studied English for three years since I came here. 析 since用來表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的開始時(shí)間,所以其引出的從句中應(yīng)為過去時(shí),而不能用完成時(shí)態(tài)

  10. 〔誤〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours. 〔正〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours. 〔析〕中文經(jīng)常講兩小時(shí)之后來取,兩天內(nèi)會(huì)修好,而這個(gè)介詞在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二,①after 多用于過去時(shí),如:I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. ② after 加時(shí)間是表達(dá)一個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間范圍,如:after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在許諾若干時(shí)間內(nèi)會(huì)完成某事時(shí),一定要用介詞in。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)5

  1.定義:用作表語的從句叫做表語從句。

  2.構(gòu)成:關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡潔句

  3.引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的種類:

  〔1〕附屬連詞that。如:The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。

  〔2〕附屬連詞whether,as,as if。如:He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起來還與十年前一樣。The question is whether they will be able to help us.問題是他們是否能幫我們。

  注:附屬連詞if一般不用來引導(dǎo)表語從句,但as if卻可引導(dǎo)表語從句,如:All this was over twenty years ago,but its as if it was only yesterday.這都是20多年前的`事了,但猶如昨天一樣。能跟表語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞一般為系動(dòng)詞be,seem,look等。如:It looked as if it was going to rain.看起來天要下雨了。

  〔3〕連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 連接副詞 where,when,how,why。如:The problem is who we can get to replace her.問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。The question is how he did it.問題是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。

  解釋:

  1.連詞because可引導(dǎo)表語從句。如:I think it is because you are doing too much.我想這是因?yàn)槟阕龅锰唷?/p>

  2.在一些表示"建議、勸告、指令'的名詞后面的表語從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣。should+動(dòng)詞原形表示,should可省略。如:My suggestion is that we 〔should〕start early tomorrow.我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)6

  名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞,可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此,名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位從句。

  一、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

  1. 連接代詞:who, whose, whom, what, which.有詞義,在從句中擔(dān)任成分,如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等。

  2. 連接副詞:when, where, why, how.有詞義,在從句中擔(dān)任成分,作狀語。

  3. 連接詞:that, whether, if, as if.that 無詞義,在從句中不擔(dān)任成分,有時(shí)可省略;if (whether), as if雖有詞義,但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。

  注意:連接代詞與連接副詞在句中不再是疑問句,因而從句中謂語不用疑問式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當(dāng)句子成分,連接詞whether 和if(是否),as if(好像)在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義,如果連接代詞與連接副詞,whether、if 和as if都用不上時(shí),才用that作連接詞(that本身無任何含義)。

  二、主語從句

  1. 主語從句在復(fù)合句作主語。

  e.g. Who will go is not important.

  2. 用it作形式主語,主語從句放在句末。

  e.g. It doesn‘t matter so much whether you will come or not.

  3. that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí),不能省略。

  e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

  三、表語從句

  1. 表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語,位于系動(dòng)詞之后。

  e.g. The question was who could go there.

  2. 引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞that有時(shí)可省去。

  e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.

  四、賓語從句

  1. 賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞that一般可省略。

  e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.

  2. 介詞之后的賓語從句,不可用which或if連接,要分別用what或 whether.

  e.g. I’m interested in whether you‘ve finished the work……

  I’m interested in what you‘ve said.

  3. whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句,常可互換。但下面情況不能互換。

  (1)賓語從句是否定句時(shí),只用if,不用whether.

  e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain.

 。2)用if 會(huì)引起誤解,就要用whether.

  e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果把whether改成if,容易當(dāng)成條件句理解)

 。3)賓語從句中的whether 與or not直接連用,就不能換成if;不直接連用,可換。

  e.g. I don‘t know whether or not the report is true.

  I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.

 。4)介詞后的賓語從句要用whether引導(dǎo)。whether 可與不定式連用。whether也可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句,還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,以上均不能換成if.但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí),只能用if,而不能用whether.

  e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.

  They don‘t know whether to go there.

  Please come to see me if you have time.

  五、同位語從句

  同位語從句在句中作某一名詞的`同位語,一般位于該名詞(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等)之后,說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。

  e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.

  The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)7

  1.非謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成和語法功能及用法對比。

  2.非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成式、被動(dòng)式的用法和特點(diǎn)。

  3.非謂語動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)及否定形式。

  4.不定式與動(dòng)名詞,動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞,分詞作狀語與獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)等用法對比。

  5.不定式和動(dòng)名詞在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語的區(qū)別是考查的熱點(diǎn)。

  6.過去分詞作定語,不定式和分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。

  7.不定式標(biāo)志to和介詞to的用法判斷等。

  8.帶to與不帶to的不定式的用法及區(qū)別。

  考點(diǎn)一、考查謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞的識(shí)別

  英語句子至少應(yīng)該包括主語與謂語兩部分,而多數(shù)情況下謂語都由動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)。如果對句子成分劃分不清,把謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞混淆,做題效果可想而知。要克服這一毛病,關(guān)鍵在于正確判斷、識(shí)別動(dòng)詞在句中是否充當(dāng)謂語。如:

  1. The children (play) _____ the violin over there will go on the stage next week.

  根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),我們可以看出這是一個(gè)簡單句。主語是The children,謂語部分是will go on the stage,動(dòng)詞play顯然在句中不作謂語,應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。依據(jù)play與它的邏輯主語children之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系以及拉小提琴動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,可以判斷用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾children,意為“正在那邊拉小提琴的小孩”,因而正確答案為playing。

  考點(diǎn)二、考查作狀語的'非謂語動(dòng)詞的辨析

  作狀語的非謂語動(dòng)詞主要考查其各種形式的辨析,即是選擇動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞作狀語,不同的狀語對非謂語動(dòng)詞的要求不同。動(dòng)詞不定式主要作目的、結(jié)果和原因狀語;現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞主要作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式和伴隨狀語,兩者不同之處在于:現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí),現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作就是句子主語的動(dòng)作,即它的邏輯主語就是句子的主語,它們之間的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,而過去分詞作狀語時(shí),雖然它的邏輯主語也是句子的主語,但過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作是句子主語承受的動(dòng)作,它們之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。請看下面例題:

  1.____tired of Tom’s all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself.

  A) To get B) To have got

  C) Getting D) Have got

  一般來說,在句子中沒有連接詞的情況下,逗號(hào)是無力連接兩個(gè)句子的。據(jù)此,首先可以確定這是一個(gè)簡單句,非謂語動(dòng)詞短語放在句首作狀語。依據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞短語get tired of與其邏輯主語Julia之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,以及謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生,沒有明顯的先后順序,可以斷定應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞一般式作原因狀語,即“由于厭倦了Tom只說不做的工作態(tài)度”,故正確答案為C。

  考點(diǎn)三、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞邏輯主語的分辨

  非謂語動(dòng)詞雖然在句中不作謂語,但仍然有自己邏輯上的主語。歷年各種考試的重點(diǎn)在于正確分辨非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語是什么,兩者之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,特別是非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語的時(shí)候。我們知道,當(dāng)非謂語動(dòng)詞放在句首作狀語的時(shí)候,一般來說,它的邏輯主語就是句子的主語,那么,當(dāng)它的邏輯主語不是句子的主語時(shí),又會(huì)出現(xiàn)什么現(xiàn)象呢?請看下面例題:

  1. The last bus (go)____, we had to walk home.

  2. Weather (permit)____, the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening.

  這兩個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞短語的邏輯主語都不是句子的主語,而是分別有它自己的邏輯主語,即“是末班車開走了,而不是我們走了”,“是天氣允許,而不是飛船允許”,這種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)構(gòu)就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。依據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,正確答案分別為having gone和permitting。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)8

  1、動(dòng)詞be(is,am,are)的用法

  我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變否定,更容易,be后not加上去。變疑問,往前提,句末問號(hào)莫丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。

  2、this,that和it用法

  (1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。

 。2)距離說話人近的人或物用this,距離說話人遠(yuǎn)的人或物用that。如:

  This is a flower.這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree.那是一棵樹。(遠(yuǎn)處)

 。3)放在一起的兩樣?xùn)|西,先說this,后說that。如:

  This is a pen. That is a pencil.這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。

  (4)向別人介紹某人時(shí)說This is…,不說That is…。如:

  This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom.這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。

 。5)This is不能縮寫,而That is可以縮寫。如:

  This is a bike. That’s a car.這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。

 。6)打電話時(shí),介紹自己用this,詢問對方用that。如:

  —Hello! Is that Miss Green?喂,是格林小姐嗎?

  —Yes, this is. Who’s that?是的,我是,你是誰?

  注意:雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”,但英語中打電話時(shí)絕不可以說:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?

 。7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時(shí),要用it代替this或that。如:

 、佟狪s this a notebook?這是筆記本嗎?—Yes, it is.是的,它是。

 、凇猈hat’s that?那是什么?—It’s a kite.是只風(fēng)箏。

  3、these和those用法

  this, that, these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時(shí)間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時(shí)間、距離較遠(yuǎn)或前面已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物。

 、賂his is my bed. That is Lily’s bed.這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。

 、赥hese pictures are good.那些畫很好。

  ③ Are those apple trees?那些是蘋果樹嗎?

  在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時(shí),通常用they代替these或those以避免重復(fù)。如:

 、蹵re these/those your apples?這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?

  Yes, they are.是的,他們是。

  4、名詞+’s所有格

  單數(shù)名詞后直接加“ ’s ”:

  Jim’s coat吉姆的外套Jeff’s mother杰夫的媽媽

  ’以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,只加“”

  Teachers’ Day教師節(jié)the twins’ books雙胞胎的書

  不以s結(jié)尾的不規(guī)則的名詞復(fù)數(shù),加“ ’s ”

  Children’s Day兒童節(jié)men’s shoes男式鞋

  表示兩者共同擁有時(shí),只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加’s

  Lucy and Lily’s mother露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個(gè)媽媽)

  表示兩者各自擁有時(shí),要在每個(gè)名詞后加’s

  Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)

  5、There be句型

  (1)There be句型主要用以表達(dá)“某處(某時(shí))有某人(某物)。”其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時(shí))”其中there是引導(dǎo)詞,沒有詞義;主語是be后面的名詞,be是謂語動(dòng)詞,在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中be只用is和are兩種形式。下面這首歌訣可幫你巧記there be句型結(jié)構(gòu):

  There is a book on the desk.There be放句首,主語跟在后。地、時(shí)放句末,強(qiáng)調(diào)置前頭。

  On the desk there is a book.有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn),也可把介詞短語放在句首。如:

  (2)There be句型中的be動(dòng)詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:

  Be動(dòng)詞,有三個(gè),am,is還有are!癟here be”真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is還有are。要用is還是are,須看其后的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。若是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞用is,否則就用are。如:

 、賂here is a tree behind the house.

 、赥here is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).

 、跿here are some pears in the box.

 。3)注意:如果“be”后的主語是由and連接的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞,那么be的形式要遵循“遠(yuǎn)親不如近鄰”的原則。也就是說,“be”的形式是由與它最近的那個(gè)名詞來確定的。若那個(gè)名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞要用is,是復(fù)數(shù)就用are。如:

 、賂here is a book and some pens on the floor.

 、赥here are some pens and a book on the floor.

  6、like一詞的用法

  like用作及物動(dòng)詞,譯為“喜歡”。

 。1)后接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。如:

  I like the baby very much.我非常喜歡這個(gè)小孩。

 。2)后接動(dòng)名詞(v. -ing),表示“喜歡做某事”,著重于習(xí)慣、愛好。如:

  Tom likes playing football.湯姆喜歡踢足球。

  (3)后接動(dòng)詞不定式(to do),表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”,著重于某次具體的行為。如:

  I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening.我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。

  7、句子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù),注意以下五要素

 。1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。

  She is a girl. →They are girls.如:

  I’m a student. →We are students.

  (2)am,is要變?yōu)閍re。如:

  He is a boy. →They are boys.

 。3)不定冠詞a,an要去掉。如:

  It is an apple. →They are apples.

 。4)普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如:

  This is a box. →These are boxes.

  8、英語日期的表示法

  英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞,它們的首字母必須大寫,并且前面無需用冠詞。

  用英語表示日期,其順序?yàn)樵?日+年,日和年之間需用逗號(hào)隔開。如:August 2nd,20xx(20xx年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如:10th May,20xx(20xx年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,則用介詞in,若具體到某一天,則需用介詞on。

  9、時(shí)間的表達(dá)法

 。1)直讀式,即直接讀出時(shí)間數(shù)字

  7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen

  (2)過、差式,即幾點(diǎn)差幾分,幾點(diǎn)過幾分。(以30分為分界線)

  1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two 3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five

 。3)12小時(shí)制

  6:00 a.m.上午6點(diǎn)8:20 p.m.下午8點(diǎn)20分

 。4)24小時(shí)制

  13:00 13點(diǎn)鐘22:15 22點(diǎn)15分

 。5)15分可用quarter 4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six

 。6)時(shí)間前通常用at.

  at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.

  10、want用法

 。1)想干什么用want to do sth

  They want to join the sports club.他們想加入運(yùn)動(dòng)俱樂部。

 。2)第三人稱單數(shù)作主語,want要作變化

 、貶e wants to play basketball.

 、贚i Xia wants to play the piano.

 。3)變疑問句,否定句要借助助動(dòng)詞do或does.

 、伲璂o you want to play soccer ball ?-Yes , I do . / No , I don’t.

 、冢璂oes he want to go home by bus ?-Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t

  二、初一英語易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸類例析

  英語有很多很細(xì)小的知識(shí)點(diǎn),而這些細(xì)小的知識(shí)點(diǎn)往往就是考點(diǎn)。同學(xué)們很容易由于注意不到而犯錯(cuò)誤,下面就初一年級同學(xué)們比較容易犯錯(cuò)誤的知識(shí)點(diǎn)做一個(gè)匯總。

  [第一類]名詞類

  1、這些女老師們在干什么?

  [誤] What are the woman teachers doing?

  [正] What are the women teachers doing?

  [析]在英語中,當(dāng)一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單或復(fù)數(shù)形式)時(shí),作定語的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當(dāng)man,woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式men,women.

  2、房間里有多少人?

  [誤] How many peoples are there in the room?

  [正] How many people are there in the room?

  [析] people作“人、人們”解時(shí),是個(gè)集合名詞,其單復(fù)數(shù)同形。

  3、我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。

  [誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.

  [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

  [析]表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí),常用“a / an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+ of +不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu),其中當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時(shí),表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。

  [第二類]動(dòng)詞類

  4、你妹妹通常什么時(shí)候去上學(xué)?

  [誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

  [正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

  [析]借助助動(dòng)詞do(或does)構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句時(shí),句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用其原形。

  5、琳達(dá)晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè),但今晚她在看電視。

  [誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening,but this evening she watching TV. [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening,but this evening she is watching TV.

  [析]在初一英語學(xué)習(xí)階段,我們接觸到了兩種主要時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常和often,usually,sometimes等時(shí)間狀語連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中,若主語是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的'動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be(am / is / are)+ ving形式構(gòu)成。

  6、這雙鞋是紅色的。

  [誤] This pair of shoes are red.

  [正] This pair of shoes is red.

  [析]在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成雙成對的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計(jì)量)修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的形式由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來決定。

  [第三類]代詞類

  7、這張票是她的,不是我的。

  [誤] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.

  [正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

  [析]物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。

  8、吳老師教我們英語。

  [誤] Miss Wu teaches our English. [正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

  [析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的賓語,因此當(dāng)sb.為人稱代詞時(shí)要用其賓格形式。

  [第四類]介詞類

  9、你能找到這個(gè)問題的答案嗎?

  [誤] Can you find the answer of this question?

  [正] Can you find the answer to this question?

  [析]英語中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。

  10、格林先生星期六上午來這里。

  [誤] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.

  [正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.

  [析]表示在上午、下午等時(shí),介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時(shí),介詞要用on.

  11、那個(gè)穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。

  [誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

  [正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

  [析]用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時(shí),只能用in,其他介詞沒有此用法。

  [第五類]副詞類

  12、莉莉,你為什么不回家呢?

  [誤] Lily,why don’t you go to home?[正] Lily,why don’t you go home?

  [析] come,go等后接here,there,home等地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí),地點(diǎn)副詞前不加to。

  [第六類]連詞類

  13、我喜歡語文和英語,但我不喜歡體育和歷史。

  [誤] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.and history.

  [正] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.or history.

  [析]在肯定句中并列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中,并列成分之間的連接需用or。

  [第七類]冠詞類

  14、乘飛機(jī)去北京花了史密斯一家人一個(gè)小時(shí)。

  [誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.

  [正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.

  [析]

  1、表示“……一家人”用結(jié)構(gòu)“the +姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”;

  2、our一詞的第一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音,它是以元音音素開頭的,所以“一小時(shí)”要用an hour;

  3、用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時(shí),交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。

  [第八類]句法類

  15、――你不是學(xué)生嗎?――不,我是學(xué)生。

  [誤] ――Aren’t you a student?――No,I am.

  [正] ――Aren’t you a student?――Yes,I am.

  [析]對否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決于實(shí)際情況:如果事實(shí)是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事實(shí)是否定的,就用No表“是的”。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)9

  1.一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng);蚍磸(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。

  2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化: ⑴am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasn't) ⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=weren't) ⑶帶有was或were的'句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。

  3.句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子 否定句:didn't +動(dòng)詞原形,如:Jim didn't go home yesterday. 一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句: ⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí):疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?

  動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則:

  1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

  2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted

  3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

  4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied

  5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式: am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)10

  1. when 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句

  (1)when可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用。

  例句:Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already?(get為短暫性動(dòng)詞)你已經(jīng)找到如此好的工作,為何還想再找新的?

  when從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前、之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生。

  例句:When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.(finished先發(fā)生)當(dāng)他完成作業(yè)后,他休息了一會(huì)兒。

  When I got to the airport,the guests had left.(got to后發(fā)生)當(dāng)我趕到飛機(jī)場時(shí),客人們已經(jīng)離開了。

  2. that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

  名詞從句作動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí),前面的that常被省略,特別是在非正式語體中。

  例句:I suggested (that) they should drive along the coast. 我建議他們沿著海岸開車。

  I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我會(huì)成功。

  3. which 引導(dǎo)的主語從句。

  例句:Which book they will choose is still unknown. 他們將選擇哪本書仍然不被人知。

  4.過去完成時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)

  (1)過去完成時(shí)(past perfect tense):強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過去某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在另一動(dòng)作前或過去某個(gè)時(shí)間常常用到的時(shí)態(tài),或指在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間段已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,它就是過去的過去。 ①表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的`某種影響或結(jié)果,用來指定在另一個(gè)過去行動(dòng)之前就已經(jīng)完成了的一個(gè)事件。②過去某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在將來可能還要延續(xù)下去。句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去之前(過去的過去),即過去完成時(shí)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去。例句: He said he had been to Beijing twice. 他說他已經(jīng)去過北京兩次。

  (2)過去將來時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。即:過去將來時(shí)是“立足過去,著眼未來”的一種時(shí)態(tài), 常用于賓語從句中。判斷這種時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù)是:要有表示過去的“動(dòng)作”, 而不是時(shí)間。例句:I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon. 我聽說他們不久要回到上海。

  5. there be句型:表示的是 “某處有(存在)某人或某物”,其結(jié)構(gòu)為There be (is,are,was, were )+名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語。例句:There are fifty-two students in our class. 教室里有52個(gè)學(xué)生。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)11

  來充作賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。如:

  He asked what you were doing last night. 他問你昨天夜晚在干什么。

  I didn’t know that he was wounded in the accident. 我原來不知道他在那事故中受了傷。

  Can you explain why he didn’t come to the party last Sunday? 你能解釋上周星期日他為什么沒有來參加聚會(huì)嗎?

  在賓語從句中須注意:

  1. that 在口語中常被省略,但在正式的文體中,不能省;并且它一般不能引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句,但可引導(dǎo)except, but, in 等少數(shù)介詞的賓語從句。如:

  I didn’t know (that) he was Li Lei. 我不知道他就是李蕾。

  I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill. 只要我身體舒服,我愿做任何事情來幫助你。

  2. 賓語從句之后帶有補(bǔ)足語成分時(shí),一般須用it作形式賓語,把賓語從句放到句末,此時(shí)的that不能省。如:

  The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys. 那個(gè)男孩已清楚的表明他們不能玩弄他的玩具。

  3. 動(dòng)詞advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(堅(jiān)決主張), order, propose, request, suggest(建議)等代的賓語從句須用虛擬語氣,即:(should) do的形式。

  He asked that we (should) get there before nine o’clock. 他要求我們在九點(diǎn)鐘之前趕到那兒。

  The teacher advised us that we (should) not waste our time. 老師勸告我們不要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了。

  4. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)須呼應(yīng)。

  1)當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí),從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可用任何所需要的時(shí)態(tài)表示。如:

  He always says that he is our good friend. 他總是說他是我們的'好朋友。

  When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed. 當(dāng)老師知道我們所干的事情時(shí),他會(huì)說我們做了一件好事。

  2)當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)為過去時(shí),從句的謂語動(dòng)詞須用響應(yīng)的過去時(shí)。如:

  He didn’t tell us he came from Shanghai. 他沒有告訴我們他來自上海。

  He said he had read the book. 他說他讀過這本書。

  3)但當(dāng)從句的內(nèi)容是客觀真理或客觀事實(shí),而不受時(shí)間的限制時(shí),即使主句謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí),從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如

  Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are paper tigers. 毛主席說一切帝國主義者都是紙老虎。

  When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world. 我們還是小孩子的時(shí)候,人們就告訴我們說中國在世界的東方。

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)12

  句子的主謂賓

  [1]Therebe句型,接真正主語,介詞短語放后面,這兒有什么東西在什么地方

 、龠@兒有十支鉛筆在藍(lán)色的盒子里。Therearetenpencilsinthebluebox.

 、谶@兒有足夠的鉛筆。Thereareenoughpencils.

 、圻@兒有很多的書在桌子上。Therearemanybooksonthedesk.

 、苓@兒有一臺(tái)電腦在我的.房間里。Thereisacomputerinmyroom.

 、葸@兒有足夠的T裇衫給孩子們。ThereareenoughtheT-shirtsforchild.

 、迾渖嫌性S多小鳥。Therearemanybirdsinthetree.

  ⑦樹上有許多香蕉。Therearemanybananasonthetree.(在樹上長的果實(shí)用on)

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)13

  一、考查結(jié)構(gòu)詞的選擇與使用

  強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是It+be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that (who)…,其中的結(jié)構(gòu)詞it 和that (who)為高考英語考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句時(shí)最?疾榈目键c(diǎn)。如:

  1. I don’t mind her criticizing me, but _________ is how she does it that I object to.

  A. it B. that C. this D. which

  【解析】答案選A。此題考查it is ...that…這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型。句意為:我不介意她批評 我,我反對的是她批評我的方式。句中空格處填強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)詞it。

  2. It is not who is right but what is right _________ is of importance.

  A. which B. it C. that D. this

  【解析】答案選C。此題考查it is…that…這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句式,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是not who is right but what is right,全句意為:重要的不是誰是對的,而是什么才是對的。句中空格處填強(qiáng)調(diào)句 結(jié)構(gòu)詞that。

  二、考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句形式

  強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的陳述句形式和一般疑問句形式一般還好理解,但若以特殊疑問句形式出現(xiàn),則很容易 誤解。比較:

  Jim told us the news.(非強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

  It was Jim that told us the news.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的陳述句形式)

  Was it Jim that told us the news?(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式)

  Who was it that told us the news?(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式)

  特殊疑問句形式的強(qiáng)調(diào)句可視為對陳述句強(qiáng)調(diào)中的`被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分提問得來,如對It was yesterday that he arrived. 這一句中的yesterday提問,即得到When was it that he arrived?

  請看高考真題:

  1. I just wonder _________ that makes him so excited.

  A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is

  【解析】答案選D。注意what it is that makes him so excited為賓語從句,用作動(dòng)詞wonder 的賓語。如果去掉主句I just wonder將原句改為疑問句則是:What is it that makes him so excited?

  2.— _________ that he manage to get the information?

  —Oh, a friend of his helped him.

  A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it

  【解析】答案選C 。由答語的內(nèi)容可知,空格處應(yīng)填how。

  三、考查not…until…句式的強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式

  not...until用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)的基本形式為It is (was) not until…that…。如:

  1. It _________ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _________ I found we had a lot in common.

  A. was until; when B. was until; that

  C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that

  【解析】答案選D。此題考查not…until…句式的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。又如:It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她取下墨 鏡,我才意識(shí)到她是一位著名影星。

  2. It was not until she got home _________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.

  A. when B. that C. where D. before

  【解析】答案選B?疾閚ot…until…句式的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。又如:It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness. 直到我遇到你以后,我才真正體會(huì)到幸福。

  四、考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句與非強(qiáng)調(diào)句的辨別

  1. It will soon be five years _________ we came to live in Cairo.

  A. that B. when C. since D. as

  【解析】答案選C。此題不是考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,而是考查since的用法,句意為我們來到開 羅居住快五年了。又如:It is two years since he left the country. 他離開這個(gè)國家已經(jīng)兩 年了。/ It’s quite some time since we wrote to each other. 我們互相通信已有不少時(shí)間了 。

  2. Was it here _________ you were away talking to a friend? Sure. But when I got back there, it was gone.

  A. that B. while C. which D. where

  【解析】答案選B。此題不是考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,而是考查while的用法,while在此表示在 ……期間,句意為:當(dāng)你離開去跟朋友說話的時(shí)候它在這兒嗎?

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)14

  1.Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?

  No,___ only the two passengers who got hurt.

  A. it was B. there is

  C. it were D. there was

  2. ---Who is making so much noise in the garden? --- ___ the children.

  A. It is B. They are

  C. That is D . There are

  3. It was ___she was about to go out ___the telephone rang.

  A. when that B. so; that

  C. before; then D. when; before

  4.It was ___ he said ___ disappointed me.

  A. what; that B. that; what

  C. that; when D. it; when

  5.____ that silver is not widely used as a conductor?

  A. Why is B. Is it why

  C. Why is it D. Why is that

  6.I can’t find Mr. Smith .Where did you meet him this morning? It was in the hotel ___ he stayed.

  A. that B which

  C. the one D. where

  7.It was in the small house ___was built with stones

  by his father ___ he spent his childhood.

  A. which; that B. that where

  C, which; which D. that; which

  8.It was ___ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day.

  A. since B .for

  C. as D. because

  9.Is ____three hours ____ the boy ___family is poor to come to school on foot?

  A .it that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose

  C. it for that it takes; whose D. it; when that

  10.It was his wife___ left him without saying goodbye.

  A. who B .which

  C .when D. in which

  11. It is on a winter night ___he spent with me last night.

  A. that B. where

  C. as D .when

  12 It is the young man ___ looked for ___ caught the murderer.

  A.that; who B.that; they

  C. they that D they which

  13.It was ____ my teacher worked ____ I work hard.

  A. where; that B. where; where

  C .that; that D. that where

  14.It was in the evening__we reached the little town of Winchester.

  A that B. until

  C. since D. before

  15.It was not until dark ___ he found ___ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.

  A. that; what B. that; that

  C. when; what D. when; that

  16.It is the ability to do the job ____ matters ,not where you come from or what you are.

  A. one B. that C .what D. it

  17. I don’t know ____ that you stay here.

  A. how long it is B. how long is it

  C. it is how long D. is it how long

  18.It was _____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.

  A. we being late B. our being late

  C. we were too late D. because we were late

  19.---what was the party like?

  ---Wonderful. It’s years _____ I enjoyed myself much.

  A. after B. before C .that D. since

  20.Why! I have nothing to confess(承認(rèn)). ____you want me to say.

  A.What is it that B.What it is that

  C.How is it that D. How it is that

  【答案】

  1~10 AAAAC DADBA

  11~20 ACAAA BABDB

英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)15

  一、不定式做主語:

  1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。===動(dòng)名詞ding 表示習(xí)慣的,經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作。

  e.g: T finish the building in a nth is difficult.

  T d such things is flish.

  T see is t believe. (對等)

  注: 1). 不定式作主語時(shí),謂語用單數(shù)

  2). 當(dāng)主語較長,謂語較短時(shí),常用it做形式主語,而將不定式放到謂語的后面。

  it做形式主語,不定式放在謂語動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中:

  (1)It is/was +ad.+f sb. t d…

  (2) It is +ad.+fr sb.+t d…

  It is eas / difficult / hard / flish / unwise / right / wrng / unnecessar

  (3) it is +a +名詞+ t d...

  It is a pit / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / ne’s dut / an hnr / a shae / a crie / n eas b… t d

  It taes (sb.) se tie / curage / patience …t d…

  It requires curage / patience / hard wr… t d…

  *注意: prbable 和 pssible 均可作表語,但pssible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語, 而prbable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語。

  It is prbable fr hi t ce t the eeting.(錯(cuò))

  It is pssible fr hi t ce t the eeting.

  It is pssible / prbable that he will ce t the eeting.

  二、不定式做表語

  主語是以ai dut hpe idea intentin plan b suggestin wish purpse tas 等為中心詞的名詞詞組 或以 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示,后面的.不定式說明其內(nèi)容, 不定式作表語常表示將來或現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

  eg :M idea is t clib the untain fr the nrth.

  ur istae was nt t write that letter.

  What I wuld suggest is t start wr at nce.

  三 、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語

  以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語的動(dòng)詞有:

  as, agree, care, chse, deand, decide, expect, fail, help, hpe, learn, anage, ffer, plan, prepare, pretend, prise, refuse, want, wish等只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語

  口訣(接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞)

  想要學(xué)習(xí) 早打算( want learn plan)

  快準(zhǔn)備 有希望( prepare hpe wish expect)

  同意否 供選擇(agree ffer chse)

  決定了 已答應(yīng)(decide be deterined prise)

  盡力去 著手做(anage undertae)

  別拒絕 別假裝(refuse pretend)

  失敗不是屬于你(fail)

  e.g.T refused t lend e his pen.

  We hpe t get there befre dar.

  The girl decided t d it herself.

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