- 相關(guān)推薦
英語語法知識點(diǎn)：特殊疑問句
【導(dǎo)語】英語語法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了小學(xué)英語語法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語語法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。
特殊疑問句
用疑問詞引導(dǎo)的疑問句叫做特殊疑問句。回答特殊疑問句時(shí)不能用yes 或no 。用降調(diào)。為了便于理解、掌握特殊疑問句，我們把疑問詞分為三類：
疑問代詞：what ，who ，Which ，whose ，whom
疑問副詞：when ，where ，why ，how
疑問形容詞：what (which ，whose )+名詞
1 疑問代詞的用法
1.what 引導(dǎo)的疑問句
此類疑問句可以對主語、表語和賓語提問。
a.對主語提問
What is in your pocket ?
你口袋里有什么?
這個(gè)問題可以有兩種回答：
a ：There is an egg in it.
在口袋里有一個(gè)蛋。
b ：An egg is (in it ).
一個(gè)蛋(在里面)。
What's in the room ?
屋子里有什么?
There are a lot of chairs in it.
=A 1ot of chairs are in it.有許多椅子。
注意
回答此句型的問題時(shí)，答句的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。
b.對賓語提問
What did you buy ?你買了什么?
I bought a bike.我買了輛自行車。
c.對表語提問
What is this ?這是什么?
It's a bench.這是一條長凳。
What is your mother ?你媽媽是干什么的?
注意
What is +人?此句型是問人的職業(yè)，一般譯為“是干什么的?”
She is a teacher.她是個(gè)老師。
2.Who ，whom ，whose 引導(dǎo)的疑問句
此類疑問句可以對主語、表語和賓語提問。
Who broke the window ?(對主語提問)誰打破了窗戶?
who 可以對主語和表語提問。whom 是who 的賓格，對賓語提問，但在口語中who 可以代替whom 。
Li Ming did.李明打破的。
Who is that woman ?(對表語提問)那個(gè)女人是誰?
She is my mother.她是我媽媽。(關(guān)系)
或者：She is Rose.她是羅思。(姓名)
注意
Who is +人?是詢問某人的姓名或與人關(guān)系的問句。與What is +人?(問人的職業(yè))不同。
Whose is this umbrella ?這傘是誰的?
This umbrella is my sister's.這傘是我姐姐的。
注意
whose 之后如果沒有名詞時(shí)，表示“誰的(東西)”。
Which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句此類疑問句可以對主語和賓語提問。
Which is Tom's ?(對主語提問)哪個(gè)是湯姆的?
This is his.這是他的。
Which does he want ?(對賓語提問)他想要哪一個(gè)?
He wants the green one.他想要那個(gè)綠色的。
注意
疑問詞what ，who ，which 在句中作主語時(shí)，語序是陳述句語序。
2 疑問形容詞的用法
what ，which ，whose 后面跟上名詞時(shí)，這三個(gè)疑問詞起形容詞作用。
What sports do you like ?(對賓語提問)
你喜歡什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?
I like basketball.我喜歡籃球。
Whose pens are these ?(對表語提問)
這些是誰的鋼筆?
They are Li Ming's.這些是李明的。
Whose father died two years ago ?(對主語提問)兩年前誰的父親死了?
Which picture did you take ?(對賓語提問)哪一張照片是你拍的?
I took the one on the right.右邊的那一張是我拍的。
3 疑問副詞的用法
句型：疑問副詞+一般疑問句的語序～?
(疑問副詞在句中作狀語，所以它們不可能對主語提問)
1.when 引導(dǎo)的疑問句：詢問時(shí)間
When were you born ?你何時(shí)出生?
(I was born )on June 5 ，1962.我是1962 年6 月5 日出生的。
注意
when 引起的疑問句，都可用簡略式回答，只回答出時(shí)間就可以了。
When will you go to Japan ?你什么時(shí)候去日本?
(I'll go there )next year.我明年去那兒。
when 問的是具體時(shí)間，所以不能和完成時(shí)連用。
(×)When have you been here ?
(○)How long have you been here ?你呆在這里有多久了?
(○)When did you come here ?你什么時(shí)候來這里的?
2.where 引導(dǎo)的疑問句：詢問地點(diǎn)、場所
Where do you live ?你住在哪兒?
(I live in )Beijing.(可以簡略回答出地點(diǎn))我住在北京。
Where are you going ?你準(zhǔn)備去什么地方?
I am going to Japan.我準(zhǔn)備去日本。
3.why 引導(dǎo)的疑問句：詢問原因
它的回答只能用because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。
Why are you late ?你為什么遲到?
Because I met the accident.因?yàn)槲矣錾宪嚨溋恕?/p>
Why didn't you see the movie ?=Why did you not see the movie ?
你為什么不去看那部電影?
Because I had seen it before.因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)看過了。
4.how 引導(dǎo)的疑問句：可分為兩類
a." How ?"how 可單獨(dú)地置于疑問句的句首。
詢問如何地做某事即做某事的方法、手段及健康、天氣
How do you go to school ?(問方式)
I go to school by bus.我坐公共汽車。
How are you ?(問健康)你身體怎樣?
I'm fine. Thank you !我很好。謝謝你。
How is the weather today ?(問天氣)今天天氣如何?
It's cloudy.今天多云。表示方式、方法、手段的介詞
1 .by ：表示交通工具，用哪一種方式
by bus 搭公車
by train 搭火車
by bike 騎自行車
by air =by plane 乘飛機(jī)
by sea =by ship 乘船
此時(shí)，名詞前不加冠詞。
2 .with ：表示工具、器官
with a pen 用筆
with a pencil 用鉛筆
with my mouth 用我的嘴
with my eyes 用我的眼睛
How did you eat ? 你怎樣吃的?
I eat with a spoon . 我用勺吃。
此時(shí)的名詞前要加冠詞或代詞。
3 .in ：表示方法
I say in English .
我用英語說。
其他：in ink 用墨水
注意
How ?
How are you ?
How do you do ?
你好嗎?
How about ～?
= How about ～?
如何?
How do you like ～?
=What do you think of ～?
你覺得怎樣?
b ：How +形容詞(副詞)～?
詢問年齡、身高、數(shù)量、次數(shù)、距離
詞 組詞 義例 句
How many
多少(可數(shù)名詞)
How many sisters do you have ?你有多少姐妹?
How much 多少
(不可數(shù)名詞)
How much is the book ?這本書多少錢?
How old 多大
(歲數(shù))
How old are you ?你有多大年紀(jì)?
How tall 多高
(人、樹)
How tall is that tree ?那棵樹有多高?
多少時(shí)間
(多久)
How long will you stay here ?你將停留這里多久?
How long 多長
(長度)
How long is the rope ?這繩子多長?
How often 多久
(頻率)
How often do you visit here ?你多久來拜訪這里?
How soon多快
(時(shí)間)
How soon will he be back ?他多久會回來?
How far多遠(yuǎn)
(距離)
How far is it from A to B ?從A 到B 有多遠(yuǎn)?
How high多高
(山)
How high is Mt.Fuji ?富士山有多高?
初三英語上冊知識點(diǎn)：疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)
英語有個(gè)很有用的結(jié)構(gòu)，就是：疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞(question word + to-infinitive)。
疑問詞是疑問代詞“who, whom, what, which, whose”和疑問副詞“when, where, how, why ”。此外，連接詞“whether”也適用。
“疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)有何功用呢?其主要功用有下列五種：
⑴當(dāng)主語，如：
● When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.
● Where to live is a problem.
● How to cope with the rising cost of living becomes a daily discussion topic.
⑵當(dāng)賓語，如：
● We must know what to say at a meeting.
● He could not tell whom to trust.
● Do you know how to play bridge?
⑶當(dāng)補(bǔ)足語，如：
● The problem is where to find the financial aid.
● The question is who to elect.
⑷當(dāng)名詞同位語，如：
● Tom had no idea which book to read first.
● Do you have a rough impression how to do it?
⑸當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：
● Jim is not sure whose to choose.
● Mary and John are not certain whether to get married or not.
適用于“疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞”的動(dòng)詞包括：“know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember, think, wonder, understand”等。
有點(diǎn)值得特別注意的是：當(dāng)這結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，它的作用等于名詞分句，例如：
● I could not decide which dictonary to buy. / I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.
● Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher./ Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.
有些動(dòng)詞，如“ask, show, tell, advise, inform, teach”等，可以先有個(gè)賓語，然后才接著加上適當(dāng)?shù)摹耙蓡栐~+不定式動(dòng)詞” 結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
● The chief technician showed the apprentice how to repair the machine.
● Have you told him where to get the application form?
綜上所述，可見“疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)是個(gè)形象清新，既容易用又不容易出錯(cuò)的特別結(jié)構(gòu)，可以多多運(yùn)用。
【英語語法知識點(diǎn)：特殊疑問句】相關(guān)文章：
含特殊疑問句功能的一般疑問句04-30
英語語法知識點(diǎn)05-21
英語語法知識點(diǎn)【精選】06-07
英語語法的知識點(diǎn)202104-26
英語語法知識點(diǎn)初中05-03
小學(xué)英語語法知識點(diǎn)06-21