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there be中考知識(shí)點(diǎn)掃描
there be結(jié)構(gòu)作為初中的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)句型，在教育部新頒布的《英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中，作為簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型列入其中，在各地中考試卷中也頻頻亮相。
考點(diǎn)一：對(duì)there be基本理念的考查
1.—What did you see on the desk then?
—There ________ a bottle of orange.
[03北京宣武區(qū)]
A. was B. were C. has D. had
2. There ________ an English film here tomorrow. [04武漢]
A. has B. is going to be C. will have
3. There used to have few tall buildings around our village. (找錯(cuò)并改正)
A B C D
[03陜西]
4.—What’s on the plate?
—There ________ some bread on it.
[03吉林]
A. is B. are C. has D. have
[掃描1]
根據(jù)句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或上下文暗示、銜接等，在初中階段be的形式不外乎有這么幾種：
�、佻F(xiàn)在時(shí)(is / are)、過(guò)去時(shí)(was / were)、將來(lái)時(shí)(will be)、完成時(shí)(have / has / had been)；
②可以與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，組成there +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的形式，表推測(cè)語(yǔ)氣；
③可與seem, appear, used to等狀態(tài)詞連用，構(gòu)成there seems / appears / used to be...；
答案要點(diǎn)：
1.題中的問(wèn)句用了過(guò)去時(shí)，又因?yàn)榇鹫Z(yǔ)中為“一瓶桔子汁”，故答案為A。
2.題中有一個(gè)表示將來(lái)的tomorrow，又因?yàn)閠here be的形式中不能用助動(dòng)詞have，故答案為B。
3.題錯(cuò)誤之處為C，應(yīng)改為be。
4.題中some bread為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選A。
考點(diǎn)二：考查there be句型的臨近一致性
1. There ________ a pencil on the desk and you may use it. [03北京石景山區(qū)]
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2. There ________ two knives in the pencilbox. [03哈爾濱]
A. are B. be C. is D. am
3. There ________ a pair of shoes under the bed. The shoes ________ mine. [04蘭州]
A. is；are B. is；is C. are；is D. are；are
[掃描2]
be的形式受后面靠近它的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上的制約，必須采取就近原則，與臨近的主語(yǔ)保持一致，必須看清楚there后跟的是可數(shù)名詞，還是不可數(shù)名詞。還必須注意既有可數(shù)名詞又有不可數(shù)名詞的時(shí)候，be的形式的臨近一致性。如:There is a bag of rice, two baskets of apples and three people under the tree.
答案要點(diǎn)：
1. a pencil為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，可從A、C中選，又從and you may use it可以得出，選擇A。
2.句中有two knives，名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故選A。
3. a pair of修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，而shoes是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故答案為A。
考點(diǎn)三：考查there be和have/has表示“有”的含義時(shí)的區(qū)別
1. There ________ two pictures on the wall.
[03北京大興區(qū)]
A. is B. have C. are D. has
2. There ________ a football game in our school next week. [03新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)]
A. has B. is going to be C. have D. is going to have
3. There________ a football match on TV this evening. [04陜西]
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
4. There is going to have a football match next Friday afternoon.
A B C D
(找錯(cuò)并改正)[04南京]
[掃描3]
英語(yǔ)中表示“有”的含義時(shí)可以用there be句型,也可以用have/has(got)表達(dá)，但二者在用法上有根本的區(qū)別：
there be句型表示存在，即某處有某物；have/has (got)表示所有、擁有，即某人(物)有……。如：
They have a beautiful home.
I’ve got an idea.
在there be句型中be的形式不能用have/has替代。
答案要點(diǎn)：根據(jù)以上分析可得：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B(應(yīng)把have改成be)
考點(diǎn)四：考查there be的反意疑問(wèn)句
1. There is a beautiful clock on the wall, ________? [03桂林]
A. isn’t there B. is there C. isn’t it D. doesn’t it
2. There is little milk in the bottle, ________? [03廣東]
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t there D. is there
3. There was no time for the twins to go shopping, ________ ________?(完成反意疑問(wèn)句) [03哈爾濱]
[掃描4]
there be句型的反意疑問(wèn)句必須用there進(jìn)行反問(wèn)，這時(shí)需要注意的是there be句型中是否有seldom, hardly, little, few, no, nothing, nobody之類(lèi)的否定詞或半否定詞，若有，則該部分應(yīng)看成是否定的，反意疑問(wèn)部分必須用肯定式。如果there be中帶有否定的前綴的詞，則該部分應(yīng)看成肯定式，反意疑問(wèn)部分仍要用否定形式。如: There was an unusual bike under the tree, wasn’t there?
答案要點(diǎn)：根據(jù)掃描4可得，1. A 2. D 3. was there
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