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牛津英語語法:動(dòng)詞+介詞/副詞的組合

時(shí)間:2023-04-30 02:55:43 英語語法 我要投稿
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牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法:動(dòng)詞+介詞/副詞的組合

account

  account for

牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法:動(dòng)詞+介詞/副詞的組合

 。╰r)(為某事)給出充分的理由,圓滿地解釋(某種行為或某項(xiàng)支出),做出交代:

  A treasurer must account for the money he spends.

  財(cái)務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人必須對他支付的款項(xiàng)做出交代。

  He has behavd in the most extraordinary way;I can’t account for hisactions at all/I can’t account for his behaving like that.

  他的行為極為奇怪,我完全無法解釋他的行動(dòng)/我無法為他那樣的舉動(dòng)做出解釋。

  allow

  allow for(tr)預(yù)先為某事留有余地,考慮到(常指某種額外的需要、支出、耽擱等):

  —It is 800 kilometres and I drive at 100 k.p.h., so I’ll be there in eighthours.

  —But you’ll have to allow for delays going through towns and for stopsfor refuelling.

  —距離是800公里,而我的車速是每小時(shí)100公里,因此我八小時(shí)后可以到那里。

  —可是你得把通過市鎮(zhèn)和停車加油所耽擱的時(shí)間考慮進(jìn)去。

  Allowing for depreciation your car should be worth£2,000 this timenext year.

  如果考慮到折舊,你的車明年此時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)值2,000英鎊。

  answer

  answer back(intr),answer somebody back反駁別人的責(zé)難,回嘴頂撞:

  Father:Why were you so late last night? You weren’t in till2 a.m.

  父親:你昨晚回家為什么這么晚?你直到凌晨兩點(diǎn)鐘才回來。

  Son:You should have been asleep.

  兒子:那時(shí)候你本該睡著了。

  Father:Don’t answer me back.Answer my question.

  父親:別跟我頂嘴;卮鹞业膯栴}。

  ask

  ask after/for somebody 探詢有關(guān)……的信息,(向第三者)問某人健康如何:

  I met Tom at the party;he asked after you.

  我在聚會(huì)上遇見了湯姆;他問你好。(問你健康如何/問你過得怎么樣)

  ask for

 。╝)尋找某人并想和他/她說話,要求見到某人:

  Go to the office and ask for my secretary.

  到辦公室去,找我的秘書。

 。╞)要求,索要:

  The men asked for more pay and shorter hours.

  工人們要求增加工資,減少工時(shí)。

  ask someone in(賓語在in之前)請某人進(jìn)來:

  He didn’t ask me in;he kept me standing at the door while he read the message.

  他沒有讓我進(jìn)去;他徑自看那張條子,讓我站在門口等著。

  ask someone out(賓語在out之前)請某人出去參加娛樂活動(dòng)或吃飯(特別是在公眾地方吃飯):

  She had a lot of friends and was usually asked out in the evenings,so she seldom spent an evening at home.

  她有很多朋友,晚上常被邀請外出,因此她晚上很少在家里呆著。

  back

  back away(intr)慢慢地退回去(因?yàn)橛龅侥撤N危險(xiǎn)或不愉快的事):

  When he took a gun out everyone backd away nervously.

  他拿出槍來時(shí),大家都緊張地向后退去。

  back out(intr)退出(某事先已同意的聯(lián)合行動(dòng)),停止或拒絕給予所允諾的幫助或支持:

  He agreed to help but backed out when he found how difficult it was.

  他本來同意給予幫助的,但在發(fā)現(xiàn)事情有多么困難之后就打退堂鼓了。

  back somebody up從道義上或行動(dòng)上支持:

  The headmaster never backed up his staff.(backed them up)If a parentcomplained about a teacher he assumed that the teacher was in thewrong.

  校長從來不給教員們撐腰。凡是有家長給老師提意見時(shí),他總是認(rèn)為一定是老師不對。

  be

  be against(tr)反對(常帶動(dòng)名詞):

  I’m for doing nothing till the police arrive./I’m against doing anythingtill the police arrive.

  我贊成在警察來到以前不采取行動(dòng)。/我反對在警察到來以前采取任何行動(dòng)。

  be away(intr)(至少有一個(gè)晚上)不在家,不在某地

  be back(intr)在長期或短暫地離開之后回到原地:

  —I want to see Mrs Pitt.Is she in?

  —No,I’m afraid she’s out at the moment./No,I’m afraid she’s awayfor the weekend.

  —When will she be back?

  —She’ll be back in half an hour/next week.

  —我想見皮特夫人。她在嗎?

  —不,恐怕她現(xiàn)在不在。/不,我想她外出度周末了。

  —她什么時(shí)候回來?

  —她半小時(shí)后/下周回來。

  be for(tr)贊成(常帶動(dòng)名詞)

  be in(intr)在家或在某個(gè)建筑物內(nèi)

  be in for(tr)將要遇上(常跟某種令人不愉快的事):

  Did you listen to the weather forecast? I’m afraid we’re in for a bumpyflight.

  你聽氣象預(yù)報(bào)沒有?恐怕我們這次航班要很顛簸。

  If you think that the work is going to be easy you’re in for a shock.

  如果你以為這工作將容易,那么你可要大吃一驚了。

  be out(intr)短時(shí)間不在家/不在某個(gè)建筑物里,但并不在外過夜

  be over(intr)結(jié)束:

  The storm is over now;we can go on.

  暴風(fēng)雨過去了;我們可以繼續(xù)走了。

  be up(intr)起床了:

  Don’t expect her to answer the doorbell at eight o’clock on Sundaymorning.She won’t be up.

  星期日早上8點(diǎn)鐘時(shí),別指望她聽見門鈴響會(huì)來開門。她那時(shí)還沒有起床呢。

  be up to(tr)體力或智力足以……(賓語常用it,但也可用動(dòng)名詞):

  After his illness the Minister continued in office though he was no longerup to the work/up to doing the work.

  部長生病后繼續(xù)任職,但他已力不勝任了。

  be up to something/some mischief/some trick/no good從事或忙于某種調(diào)皮的、不正道的或有害的事/搗鬼:

  Don’t trust him;he is up to something/some trick.

  別信他;他在搞鬼/在耍詭計(jì)。

  The boys are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.

  男孩子們無聲無息了。我不知他們在搗什么鬼。

  注意:這里up to的賓語常是某一很不確定的詞語,如上面例句所示。這個(gè)習(xí)語從來不與某一具體明確的事連用。

  it is up to someone(常帶動(dòng)詞不定式)此事是某人的職責(zé):

  It is up to the government to take action on violence.

  采取行動(dòng)對付暴力行為,是政府職責(zé)所在。

  I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you.

  我已盡我所能地幫助你了,F(xiàn)在該看你自己了。(你得靠自己的努力干下去。)

  bear

  bear out(tr)證實(shí),提供證明:

  This report bears out my theory.(bears my theory out/bears it out)

  這報(bào)告證實(shí)了我的理論。

  bear up(intr)聽到壞消息仍能勇敢支撐,掩飾感情或憂傷:

  The news of her death was a great shock to him but he bore up bravely and none of us realized how much he felt it.

  她故去的消息對他來講是個(gè)打擊,但他勇敢地支撐著,我們誰也沒意識(shí)到他的感受該有多么強(qiáng)烈。

  blow

  blow out(tr)吹熄:

  The wind blew out the candle.(blew the candle out/blew it out)

  風(fēng)吹滅了蠟燭。

  blow up(tr/intr)

 。╝)用爆炸的方法毀滅,爆炸,被毀:

  They blew up the bridges so that the enemy couldn’t follow them.(blew the bridges up/blew them up)

  他們炸毀了橋,好讓敵人不能追上他們。

  Just as we got to the bridge it blew up.

  我們剛到橋頭,橋就炸掉了。

 。╞)充氣,打氣,使膨脹:

  The children blew up their balloons and threw them into the air.( blew the balloons up/blew them up)

  孩子們把氣球吹鼓了,扔向空中。

  boil

  boil away(intr)(液體)因沸騰而揮發(fā)完,熬干:

  I put the kettle on the gas ring and then went away and forgot about it.

  When I returned, the water had all boiled away and the flame had burnta hole in the kettle.

  我把壺放在煤氣灶上,然后就走開把這事忘掉了。我回來時(shí),水都燒干了,火把壺底燒出了一個(gè)窟窿。

  boil over(intr)(液體因沸騰而)溢到容器外面:

  The milk boiled over and there was a horrible smell of burning.

  牛奶潽了,燒糊的味道極為難聞。

  break

  break down a door etc.用強(qiáng)力敲破或撞破:

  The firemen had to break down the door to get into the burning house.

 。╞reak the door down/break it down)

  消防員不得不破門而入以便到著火的房子里邊去。

  break down figures將一數(shù)目分別列在不同項(xiàng)目下以作進(jìn)一步說明:

  You say that 10,000 people use this library.Could you break that downinto age-groups?

  你說有10,000人使用這所圖書館。你能否按年齡組將數(shù)字

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