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六級詞匯題高分法 備戰(zhàn)最后一次傳統(tǒng)六級
2006年12月，將舉行歷史上最后一次傳統(tǒng)題型的六級考試（同時，180所試點院校的部分同學，將面對第一次新題型的六級考試）。此后，六級詞匯選擇題將完全退出廣大考生的視線。在傳統(tǒng)題型的六級考試中，如果準備充分，詞匯選擇題是最容易拿分的、最容易提高的一個部分，也是可以在做題時間上節(jié)約5-8分鐘時間以緩解閱讀時間壓力的一部分。主要原因是這部分題目的考察點比較規(guī)范，題型比較容易把握，解題技巧簡單，所考察詞匯的重復率極高。
考察點規(guī)范
考察的詞匯百分之百全是大學英語教學大綱上列出的詞匯及其與常見的前綴、后綴組合而成的詞匯和大綱上規(guī)定要求掌握的短語。其中， 4%左右的題目考察考四級詞匯，60%的題目考察5-6級詞匯。
題型容易把握
歷年來的六級詞匯選擇題可以分為四種題型，即近義詞辨析、形近易混詞辨析、詞義識別、短語搭配。近義詞辨析即選項詞匯中有2-3個詞匯的漢語含義比較接近，需要根據詞匯的準確的英語解釋和上下文的語言環(huán)境確定正確選項，這類題目難度較大，但比例并不很高，例如2006年1月第67題：
67. They’re going to build a big office block on that __ piece of land.
A) void B) blank C) vacant D)shallow
A、B、C選項均有“空的”意思。
形近易混詞辨析題即選項詞匯在字母組合上具有一定的相似性，但含義相距甚遠。例如大多數字母相同（compliment/complement, irritate/irrigate）、詞根相同（repel/compel/propel）、前綴或者后綴相同（spontaneously/simultaneously/homogeneously/instantaneously）。
詞義識別題即選項詞匯在形和義兩方面均沒有相似性，單純考察詞匯是否認識以及是否能夠根據上下文選擇最恰當的詞匯。例如2006年1月第68題：
68. It is my hope that everyone in this class should __ their errors before it is too late.
A) expel B) exclude C) refute D)rectify
短語搭配題即掌握大綱規(guī)定的各類短語的含義及用法，選項可能就是一個短語，也可能是短語的一部分已經在題干中。前者例如2006年1月第62題，后者諸如2006年1月第69、70題。
62. While fashion is thought of usually __ clothing, it is important to realize that it covers a much wider domain.
A) in proportion to B) by means of C) in relation to D)on behalf of
69. Police and villagers unanimously __the forest fire to thunder and lightning.
A) ascribed B) approached C) confined D) confirmed
考察ascribe…to和confine…to的用法。介詞to已經在題干中，和選項詞匯隔開。
70. Without any hesitation, she took off her shoes, __up her skirt and splashed across the stream.
A) twisted B) tucked C) curled D)revolved
考察tuck up和curl up的用法。介詞up已經在題干中，和選項詞匯隔開。
解題技巧容易掌握
根據題干中確定的信息，尋找其和選項未知詞匯的關系，進而根據具體的語言環(huán)境，確定答案，題干中的信息和選項的常見關系有：
1．并列或者解釋關系，例如：
41. As a _______actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.
A) flexible B) versatile C) sophisticated D) productive
58. Somewhat shortsighted, she had the habit of ________at people.
A) glancing B) peering C) gazing D) scanning
2．轉折/強對比關系，例如：
44. Competition, they believe, _______ the national character than corrupt it.
A) enforces B) confirms C) intensifies D) strengthens
50. I think she hurt my feelings _________ rather than by accident as she claimed.
A) virtually B) deliberately C) literally D) appropriately
3．條件/因果關系，例如：
61. The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many ________ references.
A) obscure B) acute C) notable D) objective
62. The mayor was asked to ________his speech in order to allow his audience to raise questions.
A) constrain B) conduct C) condense D) converge
4． 搭配關系，包括介詞搭配和動賓搭配等，介詞搭配又分為動詞緊跟介詞和動詞遙控介詞兩種，例如：
63. The morning news says a school bus ________ with a train at the junction and a group of policemen were sent there immediately.
A) bumped B) collided C) crashed D) struck
動詞遙控介詞，例如：
45. The accident _______ him of his sight and the use of his legs.
A) excluded B) disabled C) deprived D) gripped
動賓搭配例如：
46. On weekends my grandma usually _______ a glass of wine.
A) subscribes to B) engages in C) hangs on D) indulges in
除此之外，中學所學過的詞匯，除個別熟詞僻義外，如果在選項中出現，對的可能性很小。例如：
62. This is the ______ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.
A) true B) original C) real D) genuine
AC選項都不對。
考察詞匯的重復率很高
根據統(tǒng)計，2006年1月 6個題的正確選項詞匯在1997年1月到2005年6月的留級詞匯考試中沒有考過，僅占總題量的20%；32個選項此沒有考過，占總選項詞匯的26%。2006年6月六級考試中，詞匯題的重復考察的詞匯比例也高達80%。如果再加上最近幾年在閱讀中出現過的詞匯和短語，再則重復考察的比例接近90%。
六級詞匯題高分建議
1.從1997年1月至今的考試真題中的詞匯題，認真做3遍。做第一遍何第二遍時，不要在書本上標注答案。核對完選項后，認真分析做錯的題目的原因并記錄，要搞清楚每一個選項詞匯的含義，包括干擾選項詞匯的含義。然后按照相同的方法做第二遍。爭取在做第三遍時題目能夠全部作對。這樣，對于考試中重復考察的詞匯和短語，就可以輕松拿下。
2．在閱讀中消滅大多數六級詞匯，特別是最近十年的閱讀真題文章，包含了大量的六級詞匯中的重要考點。
3.完成上述任務后，在六級考試前2個星期左右，瀏覽一遍六級考試大綱詞匯表，查漏補缺，從而為作對部分沒有考察過的詞匯題進而取得絕對高分奠定基礎。（編輯：趙露）
(李國鋒，北大經濟學碩士。原北京新東方學校國內考試部優(yōu)秀教師，現任濟南新東方學校國內考試部主管兼教學教研部主管。曾師從鐘道隆教授研習逆向英語，在兩個月內從四級及格水平猛增至92分，并以托福、GRE絕對高分被世界名校YALE錄取。主張在備考中掌握方法、培養(yǎng)興趣、提高實力、增強信心、鑄造輝煌。MOTTO: Doing hard things is what makes people better.)
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2001年1月六級詞匯練習及解析
31. Starting with the ________ that there is life on the planet Mars, the scientist went on to develop his argument.
A) premise B) pretext C) foundation D) presentation
32. After several nuclear disasters, a ________ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.
A) quarrel B) suspicion C) verdict D) controversy
33. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their ________ for world conquest.
A) admiration B) ambition C) administration D)orientation
34. The director gave me his ________ that he would double my pay if I did my job well.
A) warrant B) obligation C) assurance D) certainty
35. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining ________ such as colored lights and glass balls.
A) ornaments B) luxuries C) exhibits D) complements
36. The two most important ________ in making a cake are flour and sugar.
A) elements B) components C) ingredients D) constituents
37. Cultural ________ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another.
A) translation B) transition C) transmission D) transaction
38. We must look beyond ________ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing.
A) justifications B) illusions C) manifestations D) specifications
39. No one imagined that the apparently ________ businessman was really a criminal.
A) respective B) respectable C) respectful D) realistic
40. If nothing is done to protect the environment,
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